Economic Geography Part-4

Total Questions: 50

11. The correct sequence of leading producers of petroleum, in the Middle East in descending order is [BU.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]

(a) Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia
(b) Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait
(c) Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran
(d) Saudi Arabia, Iran, Kuwait, Iraq
(e) Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, UAE.

Correct Answer: (e) Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, UAE.

Solution:According to World Mineral Production 2017-21 (Data- 2021), leading petroleum producers in the Middle East are Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, UAE.

12. Which of the following statement is true about petroleum production ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]

I. 60% of the world's petroleum deposits are found in the Middle East.

II. Petroleum reserve in Alaska is certified equivalent to Texas.

III. U.S.A. is a prominent producer and importer for petroleum.

Code:

(a) I and II are true
(b) II and III are true
(c) I and III are true
(d) All are true

Correct Answer: (d) All are true

Solution:The countries of Middle East i.e, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia have more than 60% of the world's petroleum Reserve. So, statement I is true. According to Indian Minerals Year Book-2021, Middle East has the largest share (48.3%) of the world's petroleum deposits. The United States has petroleum reserves in 32 states. Three states with largest petroleum reserves are - Texas, Alaska and California. The petroleum deposits of Texas and Alaska are almost equal. Thus, statement II is also correct. Presently, there are more reserves in Alaska than Texas. According to World Mineral Production 2017-21 (Data 2021), USA is the largest producer of petroleum followed by Russia. U.S.A. is a prominent importer country but not top importer country in world. Thus, Statement III is also correct.

13. The largest producer of Petroleum of South East Asia is: [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]

(a) Brunei
(b) Indonesia
(c) Malaysia
(d) Myanmar

Correct Answer: (b) Indonesia

Solution:

According to World Mineral Production 2017-21 (Data- 2021), Indonesia is the biggest petroleum producer in South Eastern Asia. Sumatra, Java and Kalimantan are important Petroleum producing region in Indonesia.

14. Venezuela is a large - [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1993]

(a) Banana Producer
(b) Zinc miner
(c) Heroin (Drug) producer
(d) Petroleum production centre

Correct Answer: (d) Petroleum production centre

Solution:South American country Venezuela is among the leading petroleum producing countries. The economy of Venezuela is dominated by the petroleum sector. Oil/petroleum export generates about 86.25% (Data-2022) of the country's total export revenue.

15. World's largest reserves of mineral oil are in [U.P. Lower Sub., (Pre) 2013 U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]

(a) Venezuela
(b) Iran
(c) Saudi Arabia
(d) Iraq

Correct Answer: (a) Venezuela

Solution:According to data of 'Indian Minerals Year Book-2021' published by Indian Bureau of Mines, the largest Proved crude oil deposits (48.0 billion tonnes) are found in Venezuela. Saudi Arabia with a 40.9 billion Tonnes deposit is second place.

16. Which country has the largest reserves of oil? [60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (d) Venezuela

17. The largest petroleum reserves are found in : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

(a) Iraq
(b) Iran
(c) Saudi Arabia
(d) U.S.A.

Correct Answer: (c) Saudi Arabia

Solution:In the year 2006, when this question was asked, option (c) was the correct answer but in present Venezuela is First place. The five countries with the largest Petroleum Reserve, according to Indian Minerals Year Book - 2021 are as follows:

Country	Reserve Deposit (Billion Tonnes)
Venezuela	48.0
Saudi Arabia	40.9
Canada	27.1
Iran	21.7
Iraq	19.6

18. Which one of the following countries has the largest known reserves of oil: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

(a) Kuwait
(b) Iran
(c) Iraq
(d) Nigeria

Correct Answer: (b) Iran

Solution:According to Indian Minerals Year Book 2021, five countries with the largest reserves (oil) are Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Iran and Iraq. Since; Venezuela Saudi Arabia and Canada are not given in the options, the correct answer would be Iran.

19. In West Asia, the highest Petroleum producing cousy is: [U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2017]

(a) Iraq
(b) Iran
(c) Saudi Arabia
(d) Lebanon

Correct Answer: (c) Saudi Arabia

Solution:

According to World Mineral Production 2017-21 (Data 2021), Saudi Arabia is the largest oil producing country in West Asia. It is the third largest oil-producing country of the world after the USA and Russia.

20. Which country is the largest producer and consumer of gasohol? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]

(a) Brazil
(b) Cuba
(c) India
(d) U.S.A.

Correct Answer: (d) U.S.A.

Solution:Gasohol is a mixture of unleaded gasólíne (90%) and ethanol (10%). Gasoline is a byproduct mixture of petrol. Presently, the USA is the top producer and consumer of gasohol.

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