Economic Impact of British Rule on India

Total Questions: 49

11. The tendency for increased litigation was visible after the introduction of the land settlement system of Lord Cornwallis in 1793. The reason for this is normally traced to which of the following provisions? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2011]

(a) Making Zamindar's position stronger vis-a-vis the ryot
(b) Making East India Company an overload of Zamindars
(c) Making judicial system more efficient
(d) None of the above statements (a), (b) and (c) is correct.

Correct Answer: (d) None of the above statements (a), (b) and (c) is correct.

Solution:The Permanent Settlement (1793 A.D.) introduced by Lord Cornwallis. this system was launched in Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Varansi (U.P.) etc. It is also known as Ist-e-Marari, Jagirdari, Maalguzari, Bishvedari etc.

The Permanent Settlement stood on the following features- It recognized the landlords as the proprietors of the land. It also recognized the rights of a hereditary successor or lawful successors of the landlords. The government believed that these landlords would remain faithful to the British.

The landlords were given the right to transfer or sell their land. All the rights of the landlords depended on their payment of the fixed revenue on the fixed date at the treasury of the government. All their right ended if they failed to pay. This was one reason for increased litigation. Increase n intermediary between farmers and landlords was another reason for increased litigation.

The total amount of revenue to be paid by each landlord for his Zamindar was fixed one for all.

It was agreed that the tax rate would not increase in the future.

12. Under the Permanent Settlement, 1793, the Zamindars were required to issue pattas to the farmer which were not issued by many of the Zamindars. The reason was: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2001]

(a) the Zamindars were trusted by the farmers
(b) there was no officials check upon the Zamindars
(c) it was the responsibility of the British government
(d) the farmers were not interested in getting pattas

Correct Answer: (b) there was no officials check upon the Zamindars

Solution:The reasons for not issuing pattas by many Zamindars was that there were no official check on Zamindars in permanent settlement of 1793. They were only required to give 10/11th part of the revenue collection to the official.

13. Which one of the following is correct about the permanent settlement introduced in Bihar. [48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]

(a) The Zamindars were deprived of the ownership of the land.
(b) The right of ownership of land was made hereditary
(c) Land revenue was constitutionalised
(d) Abolition of Zamindars

Correct Answer: (c) Land revenue was constitutionalised

Solution:In Bihar, the permanent settlement system ensured a fixed amount of revenue for the company.

The Permanent Settlement, also known as the Permanent Settlement of Bengal or Zamindari System, was a land revenue system introduced by the British East India Company in 1793 under the administration of Governor-General Lord Cornwallis. This system marked a significant shift in the administration of land revenue in India, particularly in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. The Permanent Settlement aimed to stabilise revenue by granting Zamindars hereditary land rights in exchange for a fixed tax payment to the British government. The Permanent Settlement had far-reaching consequences, both positive and negative, and played a crucial role in shaping the socio-economic landscape of colonial India.

14. Fill in the blanks: [56th to 59th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2015]

In ....... the rights of the tenants on land in Bengal and Bihar were given by the Bengal Tenancy Act.

(a) 1885
(b) 1886
(c) 1889
(d) 1900

Correct Answer: (a) 1885

Solution:In 1793, Lord Cornwallis introduced permanent settlement which in turn provided many rights to landlords. By the 19th century, the demand for land increased and hence landlords increased the rent of the land which resulted in revolt by peasants. During this time, the government of Bengal introduced the Bengal and Bihar Tenancy Act 1885, which described the rights of landlords and tenants.

15. Who among the following was/were associated with the introduced of Ryotwari Settlement in India during the British rule? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]

1. Lord Cornwallis

2. Alexander Read

3. Thomas Munro

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1,2, and 3

Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only

Solution:In Ryotwari System every registered holder of land is recognised as a proprietor of land and is held responsible for direct payment of land revenue to the state. In the Madras presidency, the first land revenue settlement was made in the Baramahal district after its acquisition was done by the company in 1792 A.D. Alexander Reed assisted by Thomas Munro fixed the state demand on the basis of 50% of the estimated produce of the fields. Later on when Thomas Munro became Government of Madras (1820-27 A.D.) he extended the Ryotwari system to all parts of the province (except the permanently settled areas). A permanent settlement was introduced by lord Cornwallis in 1793 A.D.

16. The Ryotwari system was first implemented in: [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2022]

(a) Gujarat
(b) Madras
(c) Bombay
(d) Orissa
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (b) Madras

17. Permanent Settlement and Ryotwari System of land revenue introduced respective in : [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(a) Bengal and Madras
(b) Madras and Punjab
(c) Madras and Bengal
(d) Punjab and Bengal

Correct Answer: (a) Bengal and Madras

Solution:Permanent settlement was introduced in Bengal, Bihar, Odisha and Varanasi of U.P. while Ryotwari system was in Madras, some parts of Bombay, Eastern Bengal, Assam, Kurg.

18. Sir Thomas Munro is associated with the and revenue settlement: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]

(a) Permanent Settlement
(b) Mahalwari Settlement
(c) Ryotwari Settlement
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) Ryotwari Settlement

Solution:Ryotwari System was the second system of collection of land revenue after Permanent Settlement. Thomas Munro and Captain Reed were the founder of this system. This system was first introduced in Baramahal district (Tamilnadu). After that this system was introduction in Madras, Eastern Bengal, Assam, Coorgh and some areas of Bombay. In Ryotwari System, the ownership rights were transferred to the peasants. British government collected taxes directly from the peasants. around 51% British occupied Indian area was included i this system. The high rate of taxes and strictness during collection became a significant cause of struggle between money lenders and peasants.

19. In British System Ryotwari land revenue collection was prevalent in [U.P.P.S.C. (R.I.) 2014]

(a) North India
(b) East India
(c) West India
(d) South India
(e) North India, West India

Correct Answer: (e) North India, West India

Solution:Ryotwari System was the second system of collection of land revenue after Permanent Settlement. Thomas Munro and Captain Reed were the founder of this system. This system was first introduced in Baramahal district (Tamilnadu). After that this system was introduction in Madras, Eastern Bengal, Assam, Coorgh and some areas of Bombay. In Ryotwari System, the ownership rights were transferred to the peasants. British government collected taxes directly from the peasants. around 51% British occupied Indian area was included in this system. The high rate of taxes and strictness during collection became a significant cause of struggle between money lenders and peasants.

20. Who was associated with the Ryotwari Settlement of Madras? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]

(a) Malcolm
(b) Metcalf
(c) Munro
(d) Elphinstone

Correct Answer: (c) Munro

Solution:Ryotwari System was the second system of collection of land revenue after Permanent Settlement. Thomas Munro and Captain Reed were the founder of this system. This system was first introduced in Baramahal district (Tamilnadu). After that this system was introduction in Madras, Eastern Bengal, Assam, Coorgh and some areas of Bombay. In Ryotwari System, the ownership rights were transferred to the peasants. British government collected taxes directly from the peasants. around 51% British occupied Indian area was included in this system. The high rate of taxes and strictness during collection became a significant cause of struggle between money lenders and peasants.

« Previous 123 4 5 Next »