Economic Impact of British Rule on India

Total Questions: 49

41. First Indian elected to the British House of Commons was Dadabhai Naoroji who contensed on the ticket of: [60th to 62nd B.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Liberal Party
(b) Labour Party
(c) Conservative Party
(d) Community Party
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (a) Liberal Party

Solution:Dadabhai Naoroji with W.C. Bennerji established " London India Society" in 1856 A.D., the main purpose of which was of expose Indian plight. He was the first India who was elected to British House of Commons on the ticket of Liberal Party. He directly highlighted Indian economic predicaments and propounded "Drain of Wealth Theory" in his book "Poverty and un-British Rule in India".

42. Who wrote a book describing the theory of economic drain of India during British rule? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji

Correct Answer: (d) Dadabhai Naoroji

43. With reference to 'deindustrialization' which of the following statements is/are correct? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]

1. This process started in 1813.

2. Abolition of monopoly trade rights of East India Company aggravated the process.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Solution:In India deindustrialization started in 1813. The company's commercial monopoly came to an end, except for the tea and opium trade and the trade with China. With the enforcement of Saint Helena Act of 1833 also known as the government of India Act, 1833 the process of deindustrialization was aggravated as it ended the activities of British East India Company as a trade body and it became a purely administrative body. In particular, the Company lost its monopoly on trade with China and other parts of the far East.

44. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2012]

The most effective contribution made by Dadabhai Naoroji to the cause of India National Movement was that he

1. exposed the economic exploitation of India by the British.

2. interpreted the ancient Indian texts and restored the self-confidence of Indians.

3. stressed the need for eradication of all the social evils before anything else.

Which of the statements (s) given above is/are correct?

(a) Only 1
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (a) Only 1

Solution:Dadabhai Naoroji was the first Indian nationalist who after deep research and analysis proved that Britain was exploiting India economically and every year a definite amount of money had been transferred to England. He introduced his 'Drain Theory' based on this analysis.

45. Who considered that "British Economic Policy is disgusting in India". [Uttarakhand U.D.A./LDA (Mains) 2007]

(a) B.G. Tilak
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) Karl Marx
(d) Adam Smith

Correct Answer: (c) Karl Marx

Solution:Karl Marx expressed that British economic policies in India were disgusting. Under British rule, Indian cultivators, a vast number of people were in a state of dejection and unmitigated impoverishment.

46. Who is regarded as the Pioneer of Irrigation works in South India? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Sir Arthur Cotton
(b) Col. Baird Smith
(c) Lt. Blaine
(d) Col. Robert Smith

Correct Answer: (a) Sir Arthur Cotton

Solution:Sir Arthur Cotton was a British irrigation engineer. He worked for the South India. Sir Arthur Cotton is considered as 'the poineer of irrigation system in South India.

47. With reference to the history of India, consider the following pairs: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2020]

List-I	List-II
1. Anurag	In-charge of treasury of the State
2. Banian	Indian agent of the East India Company
3. Mirasidar	Designated revenue payer to the State

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

Solution:Aurang is a Persian term for a warehouse - a place where goods are collected before being sold.

Barrian was an Indian agent of the East India Company who performed commercial function. Mirasidars were village elites in south India, very often belonging to high castes. They asserted ownership over entire village land & under them farmers worked. In Ryotwari system they were made designated revenue payer to the state.

48. Economically, one of the results of the British rule in India in the 19th century was the [I.A.S. (Pre) 2018]

(a) increase in the export of Indian handicrafts
(b) growth in the number of Indian owned factories
(c) commercialization of Indian agriculture
(d) rapid increase in the urban population

Correct Answer: (c) commercialization of Indian agriculture

Solution:Commercialization of agriculture was the result of British rule in the 19th century. Farmers were forced to grow cash crops which were imported to Great Britain as raw materials of the English factories. The period also saw decline n urban population and destroyed domestic factories. Indians started producing crops for commercial use on a large scale. 19th century agriculture became commercial due to the use of modern agricultural equipment. British rulers forced farmers to grow Indigo and other cash crops which can be used as a raw material for British manufactures. As a result urban population reduced and domestic Industries were destroyed.

49. Which of the following statement correctly explains the impact of Industrial Revolution on India during the first half of the nineteenth century? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2020]

(a) Indian handicrafts were ruined.
(b) Machines were introduced in the Indian textile industry in large numbers.
(c) Railway lines were laid in many parts of the country.
(d) Heavy duties were imposed on the imports of British manufactures.

Correct Answer: (a) Indian handicrafts were ruined.

Solution:During the first half of 19th century. British policies have turned India as exporter of raw material and consumer of finished product. Also because of Industrial Revolution in Britain, new machines were invented which were used to make handicraft products which were not just cheap but also of good quality which lead to downfall in demand of Indian handicraft products in domestic market too. Already they were unable to sell Indian goods at Britain because of high tariffs. All this led to ruins of Indian handicrafts.

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