Economics (Part-IV) (Railway)

• Ola intends to use Avail Finance's product portfolio to enhance its lending operations and further its neobanking expansion goals.

• Paper is eco-friendly as it biodegradable and can be easily recycled several times.

• It does not pose danger to the environment or cause pollution.

• The portal was launched by Coal Secretary Anil Kumar Jain.

• The portal has key performance indicators like coal/lignite production, coal/lignite offtake, exploration data, central sector schemes, etc.

• The commission will review the current status of the finance, deficit, debt levels. cash balances and fiscal discipline efforts of the Union and the states.

• It will cover five-year period commencing April 1, 2020.

• Finance comission appointed by the president every five year.

• It is a welfare scheme for empowering Dalit families of the state and enabling entrepreneurship among them through a Rs 10 lakh direct benefit transfer per family.

• It was first launched in Vasalamarri village in Turkapally mandal.

• The books which have been published within three preceding years of the year of award (Including the year of award) are only considered under the scheme.

• Industrial zones, called the Special Industrial Zones (SEZs) have been set up. These have world class facilities: electricity, water, roads, transport, storage, recreational and educational facilities.

• Companies who set up production units in the SEZs do not have to pay taxes for an initial period of five years.

• Government has also allowed flexibility in the labour laws to attract foreign investment.

• It used to protect and conserve the environment or nature.

•  Examples: switching off lights and fans when not needed. conserving water by checking leakages and using cycle instead of cars that run on fossil fuels, etc.

• Over the long run, a firm will search for the production technology that allows it to produce the desired level of output at the lowest cost.

• In the long run, firms are able to adjust all costs, whereas in the short run firms are only able to influence prices through adjustments made to production levels.

• It envisages carrying out surveillance of important bacterial, viral and parasitic infections of zoonotic as well as transboundary pathogens in the country.

• The consortium consists of AIIMS, Delhi, AIIMS Jodhpur, IVRI, Bareilly, GADVASU, Ludhiana, TANUVAS, Chennai, MAFSU, Nagpur, Assam agricultural and veterinary university and many more ICAR, ICMR centres and wild life agencies.