ECOSYSTEM (Part-I)

Total Questions: 40

21. Why is Carbon Monoxide a pollutant ? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 28.08.2016 (Shift-II)]

(a) Reacts with haemoglobin
(b) Makes nervous system inactive
(c) It reacts with Oxygen
(d) It inhibits glycolysis

Correct Answer: (a) Reacts with haemoglobin

Solution:Reacts with haemoglobin.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is dangerous because it binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells much more readily than oxygen does. This forms carboxyhemoglobin, which reduces the blood's ability to carry oxygen to tissues and organs, leading to oxygen deprivation.

22. Which is used as an Air pollution indicator? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 11.09.2016 (Shift-III)]

(a) Algae
(b) Fungi
(c) Bacteria
(d) Lichens

Correct Answer: (d) Lichens

Solution: Lichens.
Lichens are widely used as bioindicators of air pollution, especially sulfur dioxide. They absorb nutrients and pollutants directly from the air, and different species have varying tolerances to pollutants, making them useful for assessing air quality.

23. Lichen is believed to be a symbiotic of two organisms. These microorganisms are: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 29.08.2016 (Shift-II)]

(a) Algae and Fungi
(b) Algae and Tree
(c) Fungi and Tree
(d) Bacteria and Moth

Correct Answer: (a) Algae and Fungi

Solution:Algae and Fungi.
A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of a fungus in a symbiotic relationship. The fungus provides a protective environment and absorbs water and minerals, while the alga/cyanobacterium performs photosynthesis, providing food.

24. In biological terms, _____ is a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected. [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 4.03.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) Amensalism
(b) Parasitism
(c) Commensalism
(d) Mutualism

Correct Answer: (c) Commensalism

Solution:

Commensalism.

Commensalism: One organism benefits, and the other is neither harmed nor helped.

Amensalism: One organism is harmed, and the other is unaffected.

Parasitism: One organism (the parasite) benefits at the expense of the other (the host).

Mutualism: Both organisms benefit.

25. Food web is a system of interlocking and interdependent [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 14.10.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Food cycles
(b) Food chains
(c) Food system
(d) None of these

Correct Answer: (b) Food chains

Solution:Food chains.
A food web consists of multiple interconnected food chains in an ecosystem, showing the complex feeding relationships between different organisms.

26. A series of organisms participating at different biological levels feed each other to form _____ . [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 10.10.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Food chain
(b) feeding cycle
(c) food items
(d) Diet phase

Correct Answer: (a) Food chain

Solution: Food chain.
A food chain describes a linear sequence of organisms where nutrients and energy are transferred from one organism to another.

27. What is the importance of the ozone layer for life on Earth? [S.S.C. Online C.H.S.L. (T-I) 19.08.2021 (Shift-III)]

(a) It protects us from acidic rainfall.
(b) It protects us from snowfall.
(c) It protects us from ultraviolet radiation.
(d) It protects us from rainfall.

Correct Answer: (c) It protects us from ultraviolet radiation.

Solution:It protects us from ultraviolet radiation.
The ozone layer in the Earth's stratosphere absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, preventing it from reaching the Earth's surface and causing damage to living organisms.

28. Which of these diseases is not caused by smog? [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 14.09.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Asthma
(b) Throat cancer
(c) Emphysema
(d) Breathing problem

Correct Answer: (b) Throat cancer

Solution:Throat cancer.
While long-term exposure to air pollution, including components of smog, can increase the risk of various cancers, including lung cancer, throat cancer is not typically listed as a direct or primary disease caused by acute or chronic smog exposure in the same way asthma, emphysema, and general breathing problems are. Asthma, emphysema, and breathing problems are direct respiratory issues exacerbated or caused by smog.

29. Carotene in fruits and vegetables gives it which color? [S.S.C. Online C.H.S.L. (T-I) 7.02.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Green
(b) Pink
(c) Orange
(d) Blue

Correct Answer: (c) Orange

Solution:Orange.
Carotenoids, including carotene, are pigments responsible for the yellow, orange, and red colors found in many fruits and vegetables like carrots, pumpkins, and sweet potatoes.

30. Cuscuta is an example of : [S.S.C. Online C.H.S.L. (T-I) 05.08.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Autotroph
(b) Host
(c) Parasite
(d) Saprotroph

Correct Answer: (c) Parasite

Solution:Parasite.
Cuscuta (also known as dodder) is a genus of parasitic plants. It lacks chlorophyll and cannot perform photosynthesis, instead obtaining all its nutrients by attaching to and drawing sustenance from host plants.

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