ECOSYSTEM (Part-I)

Total Questions: 40

31. Algal bloom results from : [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 7.09.2016 (Shift-II)]

(a) Global warming
(b) Salination
(c) Eutrophication
(d) Biomagnification

Correct Answer: (c) Eutrophication

Solution:Eutrophication.
Algal blooms are rapid increases in the population of algae (typically microscopic) in an aquatic system. They are most often caused by eutrophication, which is the enrichment of water bodies with nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, usually from agricultural runoff, sewage, or industrial waste.

32. Algae belongs to which of the following levels of the ecosystem? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 22.01.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Decomposers
(b) Destructors
(c) Producers
(d) Consumers

Correct Answer: (c) Producers

Solution:Producers.
Algae are photosynthetic organisms, meaning they produce their own food using sunlight. In an ecosystem, organisms that produce their own food are called producers (or autotrophs), forming the base of the food chain.

33. Which of the following can be classified as an artificial ecosystem? [S.S.C. Online M.T.S. (T-I) 14.10.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Lakes
(b) Forests
(c) Gardens
(d) Ponds

Correct Answer: (c) Gardens

Solution:Gardens.
An artificial ecosystem is one created and maintained by humans. Lakes, forests, and ponds are generally natural ecosystems. Gardens, however, are planned and managed by humans, making them artificial.

34. Which among the following constitutes the upper part of the aquatic ecosystem? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 15.10.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Fishes
(b) Planktons
(c) Algae
(d) Crustaceans

Correct Answer: (b) Planktons

Solution:Planktons.
Plankton (both phytoplankton and zooplankton) are tiny organisms that float in the upper layers of water bodies. Phytoplankton are producers, and zooplankton feed on them, forming the base of the aquatic food web in the sunlit zone. Fishes and crustaceans are generally larger and occupy various depths, while algae can be found attached to surfaces or as phytoplankton.

35. One of the best solutions to get rid of non-biodegradable waste is— [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 30.08.2016 (Shift-II)]

(a) Burning
(b) Dumping
(c) Burying
(d) Recycling

Correct Answer: (d) Recycling

Solution: Recycling.
Non-biodegradable waste cannot be broken down naturally by microorganisms. Burning can cause air pollution, dumping creates landfills, and burying pollutes soil and groundwater. Recycling allows for the reuse of materials, reducing the need for new raw materials and minimizing waste.

36. What are the substances which contaminate the air called? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 3.10.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Smoke
(b) Air pollutants
(c) Dust
(d) Exhausts

Correct Answer: (b) Air pollutants

Solution:Air pollutants.
Substances that contaminate the air and have harmful effects on human health or the environment are broadly called air pollutants. Smoke, dust, and exhausts are specific types or sources of air pollutants.

37. Which one of the following is an air pollutant? [S.S.C. Online C.P.O.S.I. (T-I) 2.07.2017 (Shift-I)]

I. Water vapour
II. Carbon dioxide
III. Hydrogen gas

(a) I only
(b) II only
(c) III only
(d) Both II and III

Correct Answer: (b) II only

Solution:Carbon dioxide :
While essential for plant life and a natural component of the atmosphere, excess carbon dioxide from human activities is a major greenhouse gas and is considered an air pollutant due to its role in climate change.

38. Due to Green House Effect [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 14.09.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) decrease in the temperature of the earth
(b) increase in the temperature of the earth
(c) the temperature of the earth is constant
(d) None of the options is correct.

Correct Answer: (b) increase in the temperature of the earth

Solution:Increase in the temperature of the earth.
The greenhouse effect is a natural process where certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat, keeping the planet warm enough to sustain life. However, increased concentrations of these "greenhouse gases" due to human activities enhance this effect, leading to a rise in the Earth's average temperature, known as global warming.

39. Which of the following greenhouse gases is most abundant in the atmosphere? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 05.12.2022 (Shift-IV)]

(a) Nitrous Oxide
(b) Water Vapour
(c) Methane
(d) Carbon Oxide

Correct Answer: (b) Water Vapour

Solution:Water Vapour.
While carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are significant greenhouse gases, water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the Earth's atmosphere and contributes the most to the natural greenhouse effect.

40. Which of the following is not biodegradable? [S.S.C. Online C.P.O.S.I. (T-I) 3.07.2017 (Shift-I)]

I. Glass
II. Cotton
III. Paper

(a) I only
(b) I and II
(c) II and III
(d) I, II and III

Correct Answer: (a) I only

Solution:Pollutants that are decomposed into simple harmless substances in nature due to the action of microorganisms like bacteria etc. are called ‘biodegradable pollutants’ or biodegradable, such as cotton, paper, household waste, etc. However, materials like glass, iron, plastic, etc., are not biodegradable. That is, bacteria do not readily decompose them.

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