ECOSYSTEM (Part-II)

Total Questions: 40

21. Sunlight makes up which component of the surroundings? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 11.10.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Biotic component
(b) Abiotic components
(c) both biotic and abiotic components
(d) neither of the two components

Correct Answer: (b) Abiotic components

Solution:Abiotic components.
Sunlight is a physical factor and a non-living component of the environment, making it an abiotic component.

22. _____ includes all non-living components, such as air, cloud, dust, land, mountains, rivers, temperature, humidity, water, water vapor, sand, etc. [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 11.10.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Biotic environment
(b) Abiotic environment
(c) Artifcial environment
(d) Healty environment

Correct Answer: (b) Abiotic environment

Solution:Abiotic environment.
This is the definition of the abiotic environment, which comprises all the non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms.

23. Which of the following is a part of organic impurities of sewage? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-1) 18.09.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Phosphate
(b) Urea
(c) Carbohydrate
(d) None of these

Correct Answer: (c) Carbohydrate

Solution:Carbohydrate.
Sewage contains various organic impurities derived from human waste, food scraps, and other organic matter. Carbohydrates are a common component of these organic impurities. Phosphates are inorganic impurities. Urea is also an organic compound, but carbohydrates are a broader category representing a significant portion of organic matter in sewage.

24. Dissolved Oxygen in rivers is close to ______ parts per million. [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-1) 7.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) 125
(b) 25
(c) 5
(d) 0

Correct Answer: (c) 5

Solution:5
For most healthy aquatic life to thrive, dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in rivers typically need to be at least 4-5 parts per million (ppm). Levels below this can lead to stress or death for many aquatic organisms.

25. The lead chromate, which is toxic and carcinogenic, is used for the adulteration of ______ powder. [S.S.C. Online CPO SI (T-1) 10.11.2022 (Shift-II)]

(a) Chili
(b) Garlic
(c) Turmeric
(d) Ginger

Correct Answer: (c) Turmeric

Solution:Turmeric.
Lead chromate has been historically and illegally used to enhance the color of turmeric powder, giving it a brighter yellow hue, despite being highly toxic and carcinogenic.

26. Which of the following is the correct definition of Habitat? [S.S.C. Online C.P.O. 5.1. 5.06.2016 (Shift-I)]

(a) Complexity of different types of communities
(b) Natural environment of a living organism
(c) The place where living organisms are found.
(d) The natural environment of a living organism and the place where living organisms are found.

Correct Answer: (d) The natural environment of a living organism and the place where living organisms are found.

Solution:A habitat is the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. It encompasses both the physical location and the environmental conditions under which an organism lives. Options (b) and (c) are partial definitions, but (d) provides a more comprehensive understanding.

27. What is the surroundings in which organisms live called? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-1) 5.10.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Adaptation
(b) Abiotic component
(c) Habitat
(d) Biotic component

Correct Answer: (c) Habitat

Solution:Habitat.
The habitat is the specific place or natural environment where an organism lives and thrives.

28. A species of grass named ______ is on the verge of extinction due to its insensitivity towards the environment. [S.S.C. Online CPO SI (T-1) 09.11.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) Helianthus annuus
(b) Saccharum officinarum
(c) Hubbardia heptaneuron
(d) Bellis perennis

Correct Answer: (c) Hubbardia heptaneuron

Solution:Hubbardia heptaneuron.
Hubbardia heptaneuron is a rare species of grass endemic to India, specifically known from a very limited area and is indeed listed as critically endangered due to habitat loss and environmental changes. The other options are common plants:

29. Pineapple is a ______ plant. [S.S.C. Online CHSL (F-1) 16.10.2020 (Shift-III)]

(a) Xerophyte
(b) Hygrophyte
(c) Mesophyte
(d) Hydrophyte

Correct Answer: (a) Xerophyte

Solution: Xerophyte.
Pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a type of xerophyte, specifically a CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) plant. Xerophytes are plants that have adapted to survive in environments with limited water availability. Pineapple has thick, waxy leaves and a shallow root system, along with CAM photosynthesis, which helps it conserve water.

30. The plants that grow in salty water near the shore are called: [S.S.C. Online C.P.O SI. (T-4) 1.07.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Halophytes
(b) Xerophytes
(c) Heliophytes
(d) Saprophytes

Correct Answer: (a) Halophytes

Solution:

Halophytes.

Halophytes: Plants that thrive in saline (salty) conditions. Mangroves are a common example.

Xerophytes: Plants adapted to dry conditions.

Heliophytes: Plants that prefer full sunlight.

Saprophytes: Organisms (like some fungi and bacteria) that feed on dead or decaying organic matter.

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