Environment And Ecology (Indian Geography) Part -1

Total Questions: 50

11. In what proportion should there be forests in India to maintain ecological balance? [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 13.09.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) 20-23 percent
(b) 25-28 percent
(c) 31-34 percent
(d) 42-45 percent

Correct Answer: (c) 31-34 percent

Solution:To maintain ecological balance, the proportion of forest in India should be around 31-34 percent (about 33 percent).

12. In an ecosystem, vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels is called ____ . [S.S.C. Online CPO SI (T-I) 10.11.2022 (Shift-II)]

(a) levelling
(b) grouping
(c) ramification
(d) stratification

Correct Answer: (d) stratification

Solution:In an ecosystem, the vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels is called "vertical stratification". Vertical stratification refers to the arrangement of organisms in different layers or vertical zones in an ecosystem. This stratification allows different species to occupy different niches or habitats within the ecosystem, allowing for a more diverse and complex community of organisms.

13. In ecology, ______ is determined by dividing the biomass per unit area by the age of the forest ecosystem. [S.S.C. Online CPO SI (T-I) 09.11.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) biomass density
(b) biomass size
(c) biomass energy flow
(d) biomass productivity

Correct Answer: (d) biomass productivity

Solution:In ecology, Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is determined by dividing the biomass productivity by the age of the forest ecosystem. NPP is the rate at which plants and other photosynthetic organisms produce organic matter that is available for consumption by other organisms in the ecosystem. It is a measure of the amount of energy that is stored in the organic matter of an ecosystem, and is an important indicator of the overall health and productivity of the ecosystem.

14. Synecology can be defined as which of the following? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 13.12.2022 (Shift-I)]

(a) A branch of science that deals with the interrelationship of individual species with its environment.
(b) A branch of science that deals with the interrelationship of two species.
(c) A branch of science that deals with the interrelationship of whole biome.
(d) A branch of ecology that deals with the structure, development and distribution of ecological communities.

Correct Answer: (d) A branch of ecology that deals with the structure, development and distribution of ecological communities.

Solution:Synecology studies the groups or communities of organisms, their compositions, and their relationships with each other and their environment. It is also known as the ecology of communities. It is further of three types - Population Ecology, Community Ecology, and Ecosystem Ecology.

15. Productivity of an ecosystem is composed of which of the following? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 02.12.2022 (Shift-II)]

(a) Gross productivity and primary productivity
(b) Primary and secondary productivity
(c) Net productivity and consumption
(d) Net primary productivity and gross primary productivity

Correct Answer: (d) Net primary productivity and gross primary productivity

Solution:Productivity of an ecosystem is composed of Net primary productivity and gross primary productivity. Primary production is defined as the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis. An ecosystem's gross primary productivity is the production rate of organic matter production during photosynthesis.

16. Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserve? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 11.09.2016 (Shift-II)]

(a) Sunderbans
(b) Gulf of Mannar
(c) Nandadevi
(d) Corbett

Correct Answer: (d) Corbett

Solution:According to the question, Corbett National Park is not included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves in the given options. In India's 18 Biosphere Reserves, Sundarbans and Gulf of Mannar were included in the world network in the year 1989 and Nanda Devi in the year 1988. While the Sundarbans and Gulf of Mannar were included in UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves in the year 2001 and Nanda Devi in the year 2004. In the year 2018, Kangchenjunga has been included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.

17. Which of the following bio reserve of India is not included in the world network? [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 14.09.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Manas
(b) Nanda Devi
(c) Gulf of Mannar
(d) Nilgiri

Correct Answer: (a) Manas

Solution:As per the list released by UNESCO, Manas Biosphere Reserve is not included in the world network. As per the list released by UNESCO, Nilgiri was included in the Biosphere Reserve in 2000, the Gulf of Mannar in 2001, and Nanda Devi in 2004.

18. Which type of vegetation is commonly found in desert areas? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 22.02.2019 (Shift-II)]

(a) Herbaceous
(b) Shrub
(c) Vines
(d) Tree

Correct Answer: (b) Shrub

Solution:Desert regions are characterised by low rainfall, sparse vegetation and high temperatures. As a result, shrub-type vegetation is commonly found in this type of region.

19. Why are the western slopes of the Western Ghats covered with denser forests than the eastern slopes? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 2.03.2019 (Shift-I)]

(a) Gets more light.
(b) There is less rainfall.
(c) Gets less light.
(d) There is more rainfall.

Correct Answer: (d) There is more rainfall.

Solution:The western slopes of the Western Ghats are covered with dense forests as compared to the eastern slopes, as there is more rainfall.

20. Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary is in which state? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 24.01.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Odisha
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Gujarat
(d) Karnataka

Correct Answer: (d) Karnataka

Solution:Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Uttara Kannada, Karnataka. It is spread over an area of about 886.41 sq. km. This sanctuary is situated on the banks of the Kali River.

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