Environment and Sustainable Development

The 17 goals under the Sustainable Development Goals are as mentioned below:

1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well being for all at all stages
4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
9. Built resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation
10. Reduce inequalities within and among countries
11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production pattern
13. Take urgent actions to combat climate change and its impact
14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources
15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably managed forests, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development.

The 17 goals under the Sustainable Development Goals are as mentioned below:

1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well being for all at all stages
4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
9. Built resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation
10. Reduce inequalities within and among countries
11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production pattern
13. Take urgent actions to combat climate change and its impact
14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources
15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably managed forests, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development.

Some of the key practices are:

• Organic Farming: Reduces reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, promoting natural pest control and soil fertility.
• Agroforestry: Combines trees and crops, improving soil health, conserving water, and providing additional income streams.
• Rainwater Harvesting: Conserves water resources through techniques like artificial recharge and mulching, addressing water scarcity.
• Precision Farming: Optimizes resource use (water, fertilizers, pesticides) based on specific field conditions, reducing waste and environmental impact.
• National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA): Aims to promote sustainable agricultural practices and technologies across India.

• The Rio Earth Summit was officially known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). It was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from June 3 to 14, 1992.
• The summit brought together representatives from 178 countries. This included heads of state, government officials, and delegates from various organizations.
• The main agenda of the summit was to address pressing global environmental issues and promote sustainable development.
• The Rio Earth Summit resulted in the adoption of several important environmental treaties. This included the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
• The summit produced Agenda 21, a comprehensive action plan for sustainable development. It outlined strategies for addressing environmental, social, and economic challenges.
• The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, recognizing the differing responsibilities of developed and developing countries in environmental protection and sustainable development, was reaffirmed at the summit.
• The Rio Earth Summit emphasized the importance of involving non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other stakeholders in environmental decision-making processes.
• The summit highlighted the need for integrating economic development, social equity, and environmental protection to achieve sustainable development.

• The United Nations' Agenda 21 is a non-binding action plan for sustainable development.
• It is a result of the 1992 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Earth Summit, a United Nations conference on environment and development.
• It is an action plan that may be carried out at the local, national, and international levels by the UN, other multilateral organizations, and various sovereign governments.
• Every local government should create its own local Agenda 21 as one of the project's main goals.
• The initial goal of Agenda 21 was to achieve global sustainable development by the year 2000; the "21" in the name refers to the intended year of the 21st century.
• More than 178 governments adopted Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, and the Statement of Principles for the Sustainable Management of Forests at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from June 3 to 14, 1992.

• The Rio Earth Summit was officially known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). It was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from June 3 to 14, 1992.
• The summit brought together representatives from 178 countries. This included heads of state, government officials, and delegates from various organizations.
• The main agenda of the summit was to address pressing global environmental issues and promote sustainable development.
• The Rio Earth Summit resulted in the adoption of several important environmental treaties. This included the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
• The summit produced Agenda 21, a comprehensive action plan for sustainable development. It outlined strategies for addressing environmental, social, and economic challenges.
• The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, recognizing the differing responsibilities of developed and developing countries in environmental protection and sustainable development, was reaffirmed at the summit.
• The Rio Earth Summit emphasized the importance of involving non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other stakeholders in environmental decision-making processes.
• The summit highlighted the need for integrating economic development, social equity, and environmental protection to achieve sustainable development.