Estimation and Costing (General Engineering) (SSC JE)

• Forming of cavity shall be measured in square meters stating width of cavity and shall include ties and their number per square meter.
• Labour and material for closing cavities at jambs, sills and heads of opening shall be described and mrasured separately in running meters.

Annual rental value is generally fixed at 5 to 10% of value of building. The method of rent fixation is simply the reverse prouse of the rental method of value of a property. The rent is generally fixed based on a certain percentage of annual interest on the capital cost.

Scrap value–It is defined as the value of an asset or property after being dismantled.
• It is generally taken to be 10% of cost of structure.
• Scrap value can be positive negative or zero.

Salvage value–It is the value of building at the end of its utility period without being dismantled.
• It can also be positive, negative or zero.

Stages of construction projects–
• Conception
• Design
• Pre-construction stage
• Procurement stage
• Construction stage
• Post-construction stage
Conception–
• The concept of the project (planning and development) sometimes called project conceptin is the very beginning of the construction process.

The basic unit of length in metric system are–

The unit of measurement for brick work in foundation and plinth are cubic meter.
Brickwork–It depends on how the bricks are laid
• 4-inch brick work - it is measured in SQM or m²
• 8-inch brick work - it is measured in CUM or m³
• There should be nod deductions for small openings like pipe holes for scaffolding and openings less than 0.1 sqm.