Forest and Wildlife (Part-III)

Total Questions: 51

21. 'Chipko' movement was basically against- [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012, (Mains) 2003]

(a) Water pollution
(b) Noise pollution
(c) Deforestation
(d) Cultural pollution

Correct Answer: (c) Deforestation

Solution:Chipko movement was against deforestation. Chandi Prasad Bhatt and Sundarlal Bahuguna were the main leaders of this movement.

22. Under whose leadership the movement against deforestation was launched in the Raini village of Chamoli? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Sunder Lal Bahuguna
(b) Chandi Prasad Bhatt
(c) Gaura Devi
(d) Kalyan Rawat

Correct Answer: (c) Gaura Devi

Solution:In 1974, the Forest Department auctioned approximately 680 hectares of forest in Raini Village of Joshimath. Then under the leadership of Gaura Devi, hundreds of women opposed the deforestation by sticking to the trees.

23. Who initiated the 'Maiti Movement' in Uttarakhand? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(a) Sundar Lal Bahuguna
(b) Chandi Prasad Bhatt
(c) Kalyan Singh Rawat
(d) Medha Patkar

Correct Answer: (c) Kalyan Singh Rawat

Solution:Maiti is derived from the term 'mait' which in Uttarakhand means married woman's parental home. And this movement does not cost any money, but to plant a sapling by a newlywed girl while she leaves her home on the day of marriage.

The groom gives some money to bride's parents for the care of the plant as it is the memory of their daughter. A vision of Kalyan Singh Rawat, now 60-years old, was a teacher then at the Government Inter College. He started this movement in 1995 in Gwaldam hamlet.

It is also noteworthy that post- Kargil War, women of Ochati village developed a Maiti forest in collaboration with the Border Security Force to dedicate it to soldiers. This forest is known as Shaurya Van (Gallantry Forest).

24. Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award is given to: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]

(a) Educational and Research Institutions
(b) Forest and wildlife officers
(c) Wildlife conservationists
(d) All the above

Correct Answer: (d) All the above

Solution:The Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award is given annually for significant contribution in the field of wildlife conservation which has made or has the potential to make, a major impact on the protection and conservation of wildlife in the country.

Two awards of Rupees One Lakh are given to education and research institutions, organization, forest and wildlife officers/research scholars or scientists/wildlife conservationists. Hence (d) is the correct answer.

25. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources is situated at- [U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]

(a) New Delhi
(b) Kolkata
(c) Mumbai
(d) Chennai

Correct Answer: (a) New Delhi

Solution:The National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources was established/rechristened in 1977, It has its headquarters in New Delhi. The Organization works as a nodal agency for activities of plant introduction and germ- plasm augmentation for use in crop improvement.

It has ten regional stations across the country.

(1) Shimla

(2) Jodhpur

(3) Thrissur

(4) Akola

(5) Shillong

(6) Bhowali

(7) Cuttack

(8) Hyderabad

(9) Ranchi

(10) Srinagar.

26. Amrita Devi Smriti Award is given for: [R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2003]

(a) Best afforestation efforts
(b) Protection of forests and wildlife
(c) Best literature on forest protection
(d) Beautification of Parks

Correct Answer: (b) Protection of forests and wildlife

Solution:Amrita Devi Smriti award is given by the forest department of Government of Rajasthan for significant contribution in the field of wildlife protection. It is a cash award is presented to individuals/institutions involved in wildlife protection.

27. As a part of wildlife conservation efforts in Nepal and India, a new association by the name 'SAVE' was launched recently. The objective of SAVE is to conserve: [U.P.P.C.S (Mains) 2011]

(a) Vultures
(b) Tigers
(c) Parrots
(d) Elephants

Correct Answer: (a) Vultures

Solution:Nepal recently (February, 2011) launched a 10 year programme to save vultures in Nepal and India, which are struggling to recover from wide-spread poisoning by medication in the carrion they eat.

'SAVE' (Saving Asia's Vultures from Extinction) programme was jointly launched by the British Royal Society for the protection of Birds, the Zoological Society of London and the Nepal government.

28. Every year, a month long ecologically important campaign/festival is held during which certain communities/tribes plant saplings of fruit-bearing trees. Which of the following are such communities/ tribes? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

(a) Bhutia and Lepcha
(b) Gond and Korku
(c) Irula and Toda
(d) Sahariya and Agariya

Correct Answer: (b) Gond and Korku

Solution:Gond and Korku tribes plant a sapling of fruit-bearing trees every year during a month-long ecological campaign/festival.

29. With reference to Indian laws about wildlife protection, consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2022]

1. Wild animals are the sole property of the government.

2. When a wild animal is declared protected, such animals is entitled for equal protection whether it is found in protected areas or outside.

3. Apprehension of a protected wild animal becoming a danger to human life is sufficient ground for its capture of killing.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2

Solution:As per Section 39(1) of Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, Every Wild Animal shall be the property of the State Government, and, where such animal is hunted in a sanctuary or National Park declared by the Central Government, such animal or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat [derived from such animal, or any vehicle, vessel, weapon, trap or tool used in such hunting] shall be the property of the Central Government.

So, statement 1 is correct. The law governing the subject of wildlife, the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, does not discriminate between animals found in protected areas and outside.

It provides for equal protection for wild animals irrespective of where they are found. So statement 2 is correct. As per the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 only if the wild animal becomes a danger to human life or is diseased or disabled beyond recovery can it be allowed to be captured or killed by the competent authority, the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State. So statement 3 is incorrect.

30. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

1. Animal Welfare Board of India is established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

2. National Tiger Conservation Authority is a statutory body.

3. National Ganga River Basin Authority is chaired by the Prime Minister.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

Solution:The Animal Welfare Board of India is a statutory advisory body on animal Welfare Laws and promotes animal welfare in the country, established in 1962 under Section 4 of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960.

Hence Statement 1 is not correct. National Tiger Conservation Authority is Statutory Body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (Government of India). Hence Statement 2 is correct.

The National Ganga River Basin Authority was set up on 20 February, 2009. This authority is chaired by the Prime Minister and has its members thes Union Ministers concerned, the Chief Ministers of the States through which Ganga flows. Hence Statement 3 is correct.

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