Formation of Swaraj Party (1923)

Total Questions: 22

11. Who of the following is known as 'Deshbandhu'? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

Correct Answer: (b) Chitranjan Das
Solution:Chittaranjan Das, a revolutionary freedom fighter, was endearingly called 'Deshabandhu' (Friend of the Nation). Das was a lawyer by profession and made a name for himself when he returned to India after finishing his studies abroad, took up a law practice and defended Sri Aurobindo Ghose in a court suit filed against him.

After the failure of the Non-cooperation Movement, he became disillusioned and proposed a strategy to end dyarchy, but Congress did not accept it. He formed his own party, Swaraj Party, along with Motilal Nehru.

12. The famous slogan 'Swaraj should be for common people not only for classes' was given by - [42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]

Correct Answer: (a) C.R. Das
Solution:The famous slogan 'Swaraj should be for common people not only for classes' was given by C.R. Das. He wanted "Swaraj for the masses, not for the classes." To him, "Swaraj is Government by the people and for the people."

13. When Congress leaders condemned the Montagu-Chelmsford Report, many moderates left the party to form the: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2003]

Correct Answer: (d) Indian Liberal Federation
Solution:At the end of World War I, the British Government formulated a scheme of reforms which was known as the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms. It was embodied in the Government of India Act, 1919.

Surendranath Banerji and other Liberal leaders of congress welcomed Montague-Chelmsford reforms. The Liberal leaders disassociated from congress and created India Liberal Federation.

14. For which of the following reason/reasons, Swaraj party founded in India — [U.P Lower Sub.(Pre) 1998]

  1. Withdraw of non-cooperation movement by Mahatma Gandhi.
  2. Entering in the council and resection the Government of India’s Act of 1919 by don't let them work.
  3. Repression by the British Government.
  4. It is believed by the Indians that they should feel the experience of administration.

Code:

Correct Answer: (b) 1 and 2
Solution:Legislative Assemblies both at Central and Provincial levels which were established by the Government of India Act 1919 were boycotted by the Congress on the directions of Gandhiji and they didn't contest the elections of 1920.

An atmosphere of hopelessness was created with the withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement and the arrest of Gandhiji. Suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement led to a split within Congress in the Gaya session of the Congress December, 1922.

Leaders like Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das formed a separate group within the Congress known as the Swaraj Party on January, 1923. The Swarajists wanted to contest the elections and wreck the Government from within.

Elections to Legislative Councils were held in November, 1923. The Swaraj Party did several significant things in the Legislative Council. It demanded the setting up of responsible Government in India with the necessary changes in the Government of India Act of 1919.

15. Who among the following resigned from the presidency of the Congress for making Swaraj Party? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2004]

Correct Answer: (a) C.R. Das
Solution:Legislative Assemblies both at Central and Provincial levels which were established by the Government of India Act 1919 were boycotted by the Congress on the directions of Gandhiji and they didn't contest the elections of 1920.

An atmosphere of hopelessness was created with the withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement and the arrest of Gandhiji. Suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement led to a split within Congress in the Gaya session of the Congress December, 1922.

Leaders like Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das formed a separate group within the Congress known as the Swaraj Party on January, 1923. The Swarajists wanted to contest the elections and wreck the Government from within.

Elections to Legislative Councils were held in November, 1923. The Swaraj Party did several significant things in the Legislative Council. It demanded the setting up of responsible Government in India with the necessary changes in the Government of India Act of 1919.

16. Swaraj Party was formed after the failure of the: [43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]

Correct Answer: (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
Solution:Swaraj Party was formed by the leaders like Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das in 1923 after the failure of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

After the withdrawal of the non-cooperation movement, the debate on council entry put the congress leaders at a crossroads. This conflict deepened at the Gaya session of the Congress when Swarajists' suggestion of "ending or mending" the councils was defeated.

C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru resigned as the president and secretary of the Congress and founded the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party, with C.R. Das as president and Motilal Nehru as the general secretary on January 1, 1923.

  • Belgaum Session and the agreement: Gandhi initially opposed the council entry, but in the Belgaum Session of Congress of 1924, under his presidency, both Swarajists and no-changers realised the strength of a united front and decided to cooperate with each other.
  • As the official Congress policy, Swarajists were permitted to contest for election, and No-changers were to focus on constructive programmes.

17. Swaraj Party was formed following the failure of: [60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
Solution:Swaraj Party was formed by the leaders like Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das in 1923 after the failure of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

After the withdrawal of the non-cooperation movement, the debate on council entry put the congress leaders at a crossroads. This conflict deepened at the Gaya session of the Congress when Swarajists' suggestion of "ending or mending" the councils was defeated.

C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru resigned as the president and secretary of the Congress and founded the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party, with C.R. Das as president and Motilal Nehru as the general secretary on January 1, 1923.

  • Belgaum Session and the agreement: Gandhi initially opposed the council entry, but in the Belgaum Session of Congress of 1924, under his presidency, both Swarajists and no-changers realised the strength of a united front and decided to cooperate with each other.
  • As the official Congress policy, Swarajists were permitted to contest for election, and No-changers were to focus on constructive programmes.

18. Swaraj Party was formed by: [U.P Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998 Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002 M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2006 Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007]

Correct Answer: (c) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
Solution:Swaraj Party was formed by the leaders like Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das in 1923 after the failure of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

After the withdrawal of the non-cooperation movement, the debate on council entry put the congress leaders at a crossroads. This conflict deepened at the Gaya session of the Congress when Swarajists' suggestion of "ending or mending" the councils was defeated.

C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru resigned as the president and secretary of the Congress and founded the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party, with C.R. Das as president and Motilal Nehru as the general secretary on January 1, 1923.

  • Belgaum Session and the agreement: Gandhi initially opposed the council entry, but in the Belgaum Session of Congress of 1924, under his presidency, both Swarajists and no-changers realised the strength of a united front and decided to cooperate with each other.
  • As the official Congress policy, Swarajists were permitted to contest for election, and No-changers were to focus on constructive programmes.

19. Who established Swaraj Party in 1923? [66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]

Correct Answer: (c) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
Solution:Swaraj Party was formed by the leaders like Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das in 1923 after the failure of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

After the withdrawal of the non-cooperation movement, the debate on council entry put the congress leaders at a crossroads. This conflict deepened at the Gaya session of the Congress when Swarajists' suggestion of "ending or mending" the councils was defeated.

C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru resigned as the president and secretary of the Congress and founded the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party, with C.R. Das as president and Motilal Nehru as the general secretary on January 1, 1923.

  • Belgaum Session and the agreement: Gandhi initially opposed the council entry, but in the Belgaum Session of Congress of 1924, under his presidency, both Swarajists and no-changers realised the strength of a united front and decided to cooperate with each other.
  • As the official Congress policy, Swarajists were permitted to contest for election, and No-changers were to focus on constructive programmes.

20. 'Swaraj Dal' was founded by – [53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]

Correct Answer: (d) Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru
Solution:Swaraj Party was formed by the leaders like Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das in 1923 after the failure of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

After the withdrawal of the non-cooperation movement, the debate on council entry put the congress leaders at a crossroads. This conflict deepened at the Gaya session of the Congress when Swarajists' suggestion of "ending or mending" the councils was defeated.

C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru resigned as the president and secretary of the Congress and founded the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party, with C.R. Das as president and Motilal Nehru as the general secretary on January 1, 1923.

  • Belgaum Session and the agreement: Gandhi initially opposed the council entry, but in the Belgaum Session of Congress of 1924, under his presidency, both Swarajists and no-changers realised the strength of a united front and decided to cooperate with each other.
  • As the official Congress policy, Swarajists were permitted to contest for election, and No-changers were to focus on constructive programmes.