Genetics

Mendel is known as Father of Genetics.

Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants established the fundamental laws of heredity, making him the foundational figure in the field of genetics.

Gregor Mendel’s Laws of Genetics:

1. Law of Segregation: Each parent’s two alleles separate during gamete formation, so each gamete carries only one allele.

2. Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other.

3. Law of Dominance: When two different alleles are present, the dominant one hides the recessive one.

Mendel is called the 'Father of Genetics'. His pioneering work on patterns of inheritance in the mid-19th century laid the groundwork for modern genetics, even though his findings were not widely recognized until years after his death.

Aristotle is also known as the Father of Biology. His extensive observations and classifications of living organisms, as well as his philosophical approaches to understanding life, earned him this distinction, influencing biological thought for centuries.

Aristotle is also known as the Father of Biology. His extensive observations and classifications of living organisms, as well as his philosophical approaches to understanding life, earned him this distinction, influencing biological thought for centuries.

This is now referred to as the law of Mendelian inheritance.

He worked on 7 characteristics of the pea plants, which include

1. seed shape and color,
2. flower position
3. colour,
4. plant height,
5. pod shape
6. and colour.

1. Palaeontology is the branch of biology that deals with fossils of animals and plants that lived up to billions of years ago.
2. Evolution is the change in the characteristic of living organisms over a generation.
3. Ecology is the branch of biology that deals with the interaction between non-living and living components in the environment.
4. Thus, the correct answer is C.

• Transplant rejection between two such individuals virtually never occurs, making isografts particularly relevant to organ transplantations; patients with organs from their identical twins are incredibly likely to receive the organs favourably and survive.

Autograft in plants refers to a type of grafting where the scion (the part of the plant to be grafted) and the rootstock (the plant onto which the scion is grafted) come from the same plant or genetically identical plants.

Allograft in plants refers to grafting between two different plants of the same species but genetically different individuals.

Xenograft in plants means grafting between two plants belonging to different species (sometimes even different genera).

DNA shows Hyperchromicity on Heating.

• Hyperchromicity refers to the increase in absorbance of UV light when double-stranded DNA is denatured (melted) into single strands upon heating.
• This is because the unstacked bases in single strands absorb more UV light.

James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helical structure of DNA.

In 1953, building upon the work of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins, they proposed the iconic double helix model, which revolutionized our understanding of heredity.

• The high phosphate content in DNA acts as a natural flame retardant by promoting char formation and reducing the production of flammable gases when exposed to heat, contributing to its stability.