Genetics

In eukaryotic cells, the synthesis of RNA (transcription) primarily takes place in the nucleus.

• The DNA template, from which RNA is transcribed, is located within the nucleus.
• While mitochondria also contain their own DNA and can synthesize some RNA, the vast majority of cellular RNA synthesis occurs in the nucleus.

A pair of contrasting characters controlling the same trait is called allele.

• Alleles are different forms of a gene that occupy the same position (locus) on homologous chromosomes.
• For example, for the trait of flower color, there might be one allele for red flowers and another for white flowers.