Geography of India (Part -II) (UPSC)

Total Questions: 50

11. Assertion (A): Ganga plain is the most densely populated part of India. [2000]

Reason (R): Ganga is the most harnessed river of India.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Solution:The Ganga plains are world's most densely populated area. Ganga is most harnessed river as these plains have fertile soil, the pressence of many river, a favourable climate, and the availability of flat terrain have made this region one of the most densely populated areas of the world.

12. Match the different ports of Union Territory of Pondicherry labelled as A, B, C and D in the given map with their respective names and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists of ports: [2000]

1. Karaikal
2. Mahe
3. Pondicherry
4. Yanam
Codes:

	A	B	C	D
(a)	2	1	3	4
(b)	1	2	3	4
(c)	2	1	3	4
(d)	1	2	3	4

Correct Answer: (a)

Solution:A-Mahe

B - Karaikal

C-Podicherry

D-Yanam

13. In the above map, the black marks show distribution of: [2001]

(a) asbestos
(b) gypsum
(c) limestone
(d) mica

Correct Answer: (d) mica

Solution:In the given figure of India, Mica is found in all the states of India like Jharkhand, Orissa, Bihar, Rajasthan, Bombay, Karnataka, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh.

14. In the shaded area of the above map, the mean temperature for the month of July varies between: [2001]

(a) 22.5 deg C - 25 deg C
(b) 25 deg C - 27.5 deg C
(c) 27.5 deg C - 30 deg C
(d) 30 deg C - 32.5 deg C

Correct Answer: (c) 27.5 deg C - 30 deg C

Solution:In the given map, the shaded area indicates the tropical wet and dry region, where the mean temperature for the month of July varies between 27.5°C -30°C.

15. Mekong Ganga Co-operation Project is: [2001]

(a) an irrigation project involving India arrd Myanmar
(b) a joint tourism initiative of some Asian countries
(c) a hydroelectric power project involving India, Bangladesh and Myanmar
(d) a defence and security agreement of India with its eastern neighbours

Correct Answer: (b) a joint tourism initiative of some Asian countries

Solution:The Mekong Ganga cooperation is a regional organization comprising India and 5 ASEAN countries Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
It was launched at Vientiane (Laos) in 2000.
It aims are facilitating closer contacts inhabiting these two major river basins.
It also enhances cooperation in tourism, culture, transport, communication, and education.
The 12th Mekong Ganga Cooperation Senior Officials' Meeting was held via Video Conference on 3 September 2020.
It is an integral part of India's 'Act East Policy'
It also aims in narrowing the development gap through digital connectivity and capacity building.

16. Assertion (A): Anticyclonic conditions are formed in winter season when atmospheric pressure is high and air temperatures are low. [2001]

Reason (R): Winter rainfall in northern India causes development of anticyclonic conditions with low temperatures.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Correct Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Solution:Both assertion and reasons are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion. In north India, a feeble high-pressure region develops, with light winds moving outwards from this area. Influenced by the relief, these winds blow through the Ganga valley from west and north west, which forms an anticyclonic condition in northern part of India.

17. Consider the following statements regarding power sector in India: [2001]

1. The installed capacity of power generation is around 95000 MW

2. Nuclear plants contribute nearly 15% of total power generation

3. Hydroelectricity plants contribute nearly 40% of total power generation

4. Thermal plants at present account for nearly 80% of total power generation

Which of the statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 4

Correct Answer: (a) 1 only

Solution:According to the data of 2000, the power generation is 95000 MW. Nuclear plants contribute 2% of total power generation. Hydroelectricity plants contribute 25% of total production and 73% is contributed by thermal power lants.

1. Electricity Generation for Apr-2024 (BU)

Type	Achievement (Apr-23)	Targets (Apr-24)	*Achievement (Apr-24)**	% Change of Achievement w.r.t. Apr-2023
Thermal	111.40	129.40	123.50	10.87
Nuclear	3.47	4.31	4.21	21.09
Hydro (Large)	8.66	9.13	7.99	-7.71
RES including SHP	16.53	18.30	17.99	8.83
Bhutan Import	0.12	0.57	0.08	-39.68
All India	140.19	161.71	153.277	9.69

Note: *Provisional data.

18. The approximate age of the Aravallis range is : [2001]

(a) 370 million years
(b) 470 million years
(c) 570 million years
(d) 670 million years

Correct Answer: (a) 370 million years

Solution:

The Aravallis range are the oldest mountain in India. The approximate age of the Aravallis is 370 million years.

19. The correct sequence of the eastward following rivers of the peninsular India from north to south is : [2002]

(a) Subarnarekha, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Pennar, Cauvery and Vagai
(b) Subarnarekha, Mahanadi, Krishna, Godavari, Cauvery and Vagai
(c) Mahanadi, Subarnarekha, Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery, Pennar and Vagai
(d) Mahanadi, Subarnarekha, Krishna, Godavari, Cauvery, Vagai and Pennar

Correct Answer: (a) Subarnarekha, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Pennar, Cauvery and Vagai

Solution:The correct sequence of eastward flowing river of the peninsular India from north to south is Subarnarekha, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Pennar, Cauvery and Vagai.

20. India's population growth during the 20th century can be classified into four distinct phases. Match List-I (Period) with List-II (Phase) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [2002]

List-I (Period)	List-II (Phase)
A. 1901-1921	1. Steady growth
Β. 1921-1951	2. Rapid high growth
C. 1951-1981	3. Stagnant growth
D. 1981-2001	4. High growth with definite signs of slowdown

	A	B	C	D
(a)	3	1	4	2
(b)	1	3	2	4
(c)	3	1	2	4
(d)	1	3	4	2

Correct Answer: (c)