Geography of India (Part -III) (UPSC)

Total Questions: 50

31. Assertion (A): River Kalinadi is an east-flowing river in the southern part of India. [2007]

Reason (R): The Deccan Plateau is higher along its western edge and gently slopes towards the Bay of Bengal in the east.
The Shevaroy Hills are a prominent range of hills in the Eastern Ghats, situated in the Salem district of Tamil Nadu. This region is known for its scenic beauty and is a popular tourist destination, especially the hill station of Yercaud. The hills are also rich in flora and fauna, and they play an important role in the local climate and ecology.

Correct Answer: (d) A is false but R is true
Solution:River Kalinadi is a west flowing river in the southern part of India. So, the assertion is wrong. Deccan Plateau has elevation ranging from 1,500 to 2,500 ft and gently slopes towards the Bay of Bengal in the east. So, the reason is correct.
The Deccan Plateau
  • Location: It is a triangular-shaped plateau bordered by the Satpura and Vindhya in the northwest, the Mahadev and Maikal in the north, the Western Ghats in the west, and the Eastern Ghats in the east
  • Area: With an area of about 5 lakh sq. km, this plateau coristitutes the largest unit of the Indian Peninsular Plateau or the Peninsular Plateau of India.
  • Elevation & Slope: It has an average elevation of 600 m.
    Its general slope is from west to east, which is indicated by the flow of major rivers of the region like the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Cauvery.
  • Sub Plateaus: The Deccan Plateau consists of several smaller plateaus, which have been formed by the dissection of rivers.

32. Which one of the following National Highways passes through Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Orissa? [2007]

Correct Answer: (c) NH 6
Solution:National Highways (NH-6) passes through Gujarat. Maharashtra, Chhatisgarh, Orissa, Jharkhand and West Bengal. This road is 1,949 km long.
National Highways in india are a network of roads connecting major cimes, towns, and regions, facilitating smooth transportation and trade. They form the backbone of India's road infrastructure, ensuing regional connectivity and economic integration. Managed by The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), they support national and regional development These highways account for just 2% of India's road length but handle over 40% of total traffic. They are categorized into various types, including single-lane tmadi, double-lane highways, and expressways. Their development boosts industries, tourism, and deteme playing a critical role in india's overal growth and modernization.

33. Consider the following statements: [2007]

1. Balaghat is known for its diamond mines.

2. Majhgawan is known for its manganese deposits.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution:Balaghat of Madhya Pradesh is known for its manganese mines. Majhgawan is famous for diamond.
Manganese Ore Distribution in India
  • India processes second largest reserves in the world after Zimbabwe; 430 million tonnes
  • India is the world's fifth-largest producer after China, Gabon, South Africa, and Australia.
  • Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka are the major manganese ore-producing states.
  • Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh together produce more than half of India's manganese.
    Diamonds in India
  • The Vindhavan system have diamond bearing regions from which Panna and Golconda diamonds have been mined.
    1. Panna belt in Madhya Pradesh;
    2. Wajrakarur Kimberlite pipe in Anantapur district and
    3. Gravels of the Krishna river basin in Andhra Pradesh.
  • Reserves have been estimated only in Panna belt and Krishna Gravels in Andhra Pradesh.
  • The new kimberlite fields are discovered recently in Raichur-Gulbarga districts of Karnataka.
  • Reserves of diamonds in India are not yet exhausted and modern methods are being applied for intensive prospecting and mining.
  • Cutting and polishing of diamonds is done by modem techniques at important centres like Surat, Navasari, Ahmedabad, Palampur etc.

34. Which one of the following rivers originates in Amarkantak? [2007]

Correct Answer: (c) Narmada
Solution:The Narmada river originates from a tank 1057 m high west of Amarkantak plateau in Madhya Pradesh. River Damodar originates from Chhota Nagpur plateau, Mahanadi originates from Bastar plateau and Tapti originates from Satpura hills.
About Narmada River
  • It is the largest west-flowing river in peninsular India.
    Of the major rivers of peninsular India, only the Narmada, the Tapti, and the Mahirun from east to west.
  • It has long been an important route between the Arabian Sea and the Ganges (Ganga) River valley.
  • The Narmada was called Namade by the 2nd-century-ce Greek geographer Ptolemy.
  • The origin of the river is a tiny reservoir named Narmada Kund, which is situated on the Amarkantak Hill in East Madhya Pradesh at an elevation of 1,057 m on the border with Chhattisgarh.
  • The river flows through Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat between Vindhya and Satpura hill ranges before falling into the Gulf of
  • Cambay in the Arabian Sea about 10 km north of Bharuch, Gujarat.
  • The total length of the river is 1312 kilometres (815 miles). It is the fifth longest river of India.

35. Which one among the following major Indian cities is most eastward located? [2007]

Correct Answer: (c) Lucknow
Solution:Lucknow is the city most east in the list.
Lucknow is the capital and IT city of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Lucknow was the capital of the Awadh region controlled by the Delhi Sultanate and later the Mughal Empire. The Single City, Lucknow is part of the mega CG City project envisioned by the government of Uttar Pradesh and is conceptualized as a sustainable technology hub with clean power and a balanced environment.

36. Out of the four southern States: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, which shares boundaries with the maximum number of Indian States? [2007]

Correct Answer: (c) Each of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka
Solution:Both Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka shares boundaries with maximum number of Indian states.
Karnataka's bordering states: Maharashtra, Goa, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala.
Andhra Pradesh's bordering states: Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
Uttar Pradesh: shares its boundary with nine Indian states and one union territory: Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, and
Chhattisgarh.

37. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists: [2007]

List-I (Aluminium Company)List-II (Location)
A. BALCO1. Hirakud
B. HINDALCO2. Korba
C. Indian Aluminium Company3. Koraput
D. NALCO4. Renukoot

 

OptionABCD
(a)3142
(b)2413
(c)3412
(d)2143
Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:
Aluminium CompanyLocation
BALCOKorba
HINDALCORenukoot
Indian Aluminium CompanyHirakud
NALCOKoraput

38. Which one of the following is located in the Bastar region? [2007]

Correct Answer: (d) Indravati National Park
Solution:Indravati National Park is located in the Bastar region. The park is situated at the distance of 97.4 km Bastar.
About Indravati National Park
  • Location: It is located in the Bijapur district of Chhattisgarh.
    It was declared as a tiger reserve in 1983 under the Project Tiger of India.
  • The park derives its name from the Indravati River, which flows from east to west and forms the northern boundary of the reserve with the Indian state of Maharashtra.
  • Topography: It mainly comprises undulating hilly terrain with altitudes ranging between 177 to 599 m above sea level.
  • It has connectivity with several tiger reserves, viz. Kawal (Telangana), Tadoba (Maharashtra) and Kanha (Madhya Pradesh).
  • Vegetation: It consists of three major forest types: Moist Mixed Deciduous Forest with Teak, Moist Mixed Deciduous Forest without Teak, and Southern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forest.
  • Flora: Some common species include teak, achar, karra, kullu, shisham, semal, haldu, arjun, bel, and Jamun.
  • Fauna: It is home to one of the last populations of rare wild buffalo. Other animals include Nilgai, Black Buck, Sambar, Gaur, Tiger, Leopard, Chital, Sloth bears, etc..

39. In which State is the Guru Shikhar Peak located? [2007]

Correct Answer: (a) Rajasthan
Solution:Guru Shikhar Peak is the highest point in Rajasthan. The altitude of peak 5676 feet (1722 mt).
About Aravalli Range:
  • It is one of the oldest fold mountains of the world.
  • It runs approximately 670 km (430 mi) in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Gujarat.
  • The highest peak is Guru Shikhar at 1,722 metres (5,650 ft). Guru is a peak in the Arbuda Mountains of Rajasthan.
  • Rivers: Three major rivers and their tributaries flow from the Aravalli, namely Banas and Sahibi rivers which are tributaries of Yamuna, as well as Luni River which flows into the Rann of Kutch.
  • The range is rich in mineral resources like copper, zinc, lead, and marble.
  • It is divided into two sections: the Sambhar-Sirohi ranges, taller and including Guru Shikhar; and the Sambhar-Khetri ranges, consisting of three ridges that are discontinuous.

40. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists: [2007]

List-I (Town)List-II (River Nearer to it)
A. Betul1. Indravati
B. Jagdalpur2. Narmada
C. Jabalpur3. Shipra
D. Ujjain4. Tapti

 

OptionABCD
(a)1423
(b)4123
(c)4132
(d)1432
Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:
TownRiver Nearer to it
BetulTapti
JagdalpurIndravati
JabalpurNarmada
UjjainShipra