Geography (Part-2) (CDS-Solved Paper)

Among the following islands, New Guinea is the largest island with an area of 7,86,000 km².
While Borneo (7,43,330km²),
Madagascar (5,87,041 km²) and Sumatra (4,73,481 km²) are at second,
third and fourth position respectively.

Dudhwa is in North-Eastern Uttar Pradesh Panna is in North-Eastern Madhya Pradesh Pench is in Central-Southern Madhya Pradesh Indravati is in Southern Chhattisgarh Hence, option (c) is correct.

Demographic dividend is a phenomenon which occurs when the proportion of working population out of the total population is high. According to the UN population fund, it means that economic growth potential resulting from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population (15 to 64) is larger than the share of non-working age population. Hence, option (b) is correct.

A rain shadow area is a patch of land that has been forced to remain dry because mountain ranges block most of the rain bearing winds. In case of interiors of Maharashtra most of the rain bearing South-West monsoon winds are blocked by the Western ghats.

As a result, interiors of Maharashtra becomes rain shadow region and does not receive adequate rain. Hence, both the statements are correct and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I.

Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth’s average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released as people burn fossil fuels.

The global average surface temperature has tremendously increased in recent years. Greenhouse gases absorbs thermal radiations emmitted by the Earth’s surface.

Increase in concentration of GHGs will resoil in increased absorption of thermal radiations. Thus will consequently led to rise in temperature. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Bass Strait, channel separating Victoria, (Australia) from the island of Tasmania on the South. King Island and the Indian Ocean lie at its Western extremity, and the Furneaux Group is at its Eastern end. Banks Strait is the SouthEastern opening to the Tasman Sea.
Davis Strait, situated between Baffin Island (Canada) and Greenland. Some of the greatest depths in the Eastern Arctic are reached here (3660 m) in the Southern end of the strait.
Dover Strait is a narrow water passage separating England (UK) from France (South-East) and connecting the English Channel (South-West) with the North Sea (North-East). The strait was an exposed river valley, thus making England an extension of the European continent.
Florida Strait passage connecting the Gulf of Mexico (US) with the Atlantic Ocean. The US on the North and Cuba on the South, and it extends East to the Bahamas. The straits mark the area where the Florida Current, the initial part of the Gulf Stream.
Hence, options (a) is correct.

Zoji La Pass is located on the Indian National Highway one between Srinagar and Leh, in the Western section of the Himalayan mountain ranges. Around 3,528 m (11, 649 ft) above the sea level it is considered to be the second highest pass in India.

Shipki La is a high mountain pass and border post on the India-China border, at an elevation of 3.930 m (12,894 ft) above the sea level.   It is located in the state of Himachal Pradesh India and in Tibet (China).

Lipulekh pass is in Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand. It connects the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand with the old trading town of Taklakot in Tibet. The pass is first Indian border post to be opened for trade with China in 1992. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Nathu La is in Sikkim. This pass at 4310 m (14,450 ft). above sea level, and is one of the most important Himalayan passes in the country. It is one of three open trading border posts between India and China and is famous for its picturesque beauty and beautiful environment. Nathu means ‘listening ears’ and La means ‘pass’ in Tibetan.

NH-2 has a (total length of 1465 kms) and passes through Delhi-Agra-Allahabad -Kolkata.
NH-4 (total length 230.7kms) passes through Thane-Pune-BengaluruChennai.
NH-7 (total length 2369 kms) passes through Varanasi-Jabalpur - Nagpur - Hyderabad - Bengaluru - Madurai - Kanyakumari.
NH-8 (total length 1375 kms) passes through Delhi-Jaipur-Ahmedabad-Mumbai. Hence, option (d) is the correct match.

Xeriscaping is landscaping and gardening that reduces or eliminates the need for water supplement in the form of irrigation to the crops.
This type of landscaping is related to water conservation concept.
Hence, option (a) is correct.

Leipzig→ Germany Detroit → USA Lorraine → France Cumberland → UK