Geography (Part-3) (CDS-Solved Paper)

Jet stream are phenomena of winter. It is believed that jet stream exercises an important influence on the winter weather in India. Therefore, the polar jet stream shifts its location from winter to summer, depending on the temperature differences which cause strong pressure gradients.

The greatest temperature gradients in the winter reach further South means the polar jet stream extends further South during winter months.

In the summer, temperature differences aren’t as good and are in North (in Canada) so the polar jet stream is usually in North. So, the large contrast in temperature in the winter causes the polar jet stream to be stronger in the winter months than summer. Hence, statement (d) is not correct.

Gulf stream, like Kuroshio current, is a warm ocean current. It orginates in the Gulf of Mexico and carries warm water to the polar region through Atlantic ocean. It flows through Eastern margins of North America.

Thus impacting the climate of Western USA. So, statements (a), (b) and (c) are correct. It has no role in sustaining the coral reefs of West Pacific coast.

Kuroshio current helps in promoting the growth of planktons and coral reefs in the West pacific. So, statement (d) is incorrect.

Most sugar industries are situated on the Western coast of India because of several better conditions prevailing there. These are
● The tropical climali of peninsular India results in higher yield per unit hectare of land.
● Long crushing season
● Better management under cooperative sector.
Hence, statement (d) is not correct.

Marmagao is in Goa, is located on estuary on Eastern coast of India. Delta formation and estuary formation take place mostly on Western coast and Goa is in Western coast. Kandala is a Tidal port, Kolkata- Haldia is a riverine port, Tuticorin is a river port.

Though, copernicus was the first to observe that planets revolve around the Sun, it was Johannes Keppler who correctly defined their orbits as elliptical.

Earthquakes largely take place along convergent boundaries, where plates are moving toward each other, and sometimes one plate is subducted (sink) under another. The location, where subduction of a plate takes place is called a subduction zone.

The epicenter is the point on the Earth’s surface vertically above the hypocenter (or focus), where a seismic rupture begins. However, the earthquake epicentre is typically not the point where most damage occurs.

Intensity decreases with distance from the fault. The epicentre of an earthquake may be over continents or ocean basins. Hence, option (b) is true.

The tribes in India are spread over the length and breadth of the country. They vary in strength in different states from a few hundred to several lakhs.

According to the 2011 Census, the largest number of tribal population is found in Madhya Pradesh followed by Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan and Gujarat.

In Mizoram, the tribal population constitutes 95% of the total population of the State, in Nagaland 89%, in Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh 80% each, in Tripura 70%, and so on. Hence, statements (3) and (4) are not correct.

The Andaman and Nicobar Command is the only Tri-Service Theatre Command of the Indian Armed Forces at Port Blair in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

It was created in 2001 to safeguard India’s strategic interests in South-East Asia and the Strait of Malacca by increasing rapid deployment of military assets in the region. The Andaman and Nicobar Command is the first and only command with rotating three-star Commanders-in-Chief from the Army, Navy and Air Force.

The command reports directly to the Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee. Hence, statement (d) is incorrect.

Goa lies within the latitudes 15°48′00′′ N to 14°53′15′′ N. The longitudinal extent of Goa is 74°20′13′′ E. The average altitude of Goa is around 64m above sea level. Goa encompasses an area of 3702 sq km.

The Headquarter of North-Eastern Railway is at Gorakhpur. The Headquarter of East Central Railway is at Hajipur. The Headquarter of South-East Central Railway is at Bilaspur. The Headquarter of South-Eastern Railway is at Kolkata.