Geography (Part-4) (CDS-Solved Paper)

If a ship has a go from Chennai to Kochi, it has to go around Sri Lanka rather than crossing through the Palk Strait because it is too shallow for ships to cross.

Myanmar shares its borders with India, China, Bangladesh, Thailand and Laos. Military rule in the country lasted from 1962 to 2011. In 2011, the military junta was officially dissolved following a 2010 general election, and a nominally civilian government was installed.

The National League for Democracy was banned and not allowed to contest elections held in the year 2010. Myanmar became the member of ASEAN in the year 1997 (along with Laos).

Externality is defined as a benefit or cost that is imposed on a third party who do not choose incur that cost or benefit. In given option, the health hazard caused to the person due to smoking by himself/herself is not an example of externalities.

‘Rio+20’ is the short name for United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development which took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June 2012, twenty years after the landmark 1992 Earth Summit in Rio.

A contour is a line of constant height above mean sea level. A conical hill rises almost uniformally from the surrounding regions.

It can be shown with the help of almost concentric contour line spaced regularly. Closely placed contours indicate a steep slope. The widely spaced contours indicates a gentle slope.

The Jhelum rises in Verinag at the foot hills of Pir Panjal and flow through the Kashmir valley.

Chenab, the largest tributory of Indus in formed by two stream Chandra and Bhaga and flow through Himachal Pradesh, and Jammu and Kashmir.

Ravi rises in Kullu hills, near Rohtang Pass, of Himachal Pradesh.

Sutlej originates from the Rakas lake. It enters India through Ship Ki-La, flow through Himachal Pradesh and Punjab. So, the sequence is
Jhelum—Chenab—Ravi—Sutlej

A seismic gap is a segment of an active fault known to produce significant earthquakes, that has not slipped in an unusually long time when compared with other segments along the same structure.

Seismic gap hypothesis states that, over long period of time, the displacement on any segment must be experienced by all the other parts of the fault.

In the absence of Cold Labrador Current, there would be no North-West Atlantic fishing grounds. World’s most productive fishing grounds are found at places where warm and cold ocean currents meet.

One such situation is found in North-West Atlantic region where cold Labrador current meets Warm Gulf Stream. This results in formation of one of the world’s most productive fishing grounds.

Similar fishing grounds are found in North-East Atlantic Ocean (due to mixing of Warm North Atlantic drift with Cold Greenland current), and near Japan coast (due to mixing of Warm Kuroshio with Cold Oyashio current. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Lianos is a vast tropical grassland plain situated to the east of Andes in
Colombia and Venezuela. It is a part of Savanna biome. It is used for cattle
ranching.

Prairies are ecosystems considered part of the temperate grasslands found in USA. The famous bison is a native specie of this region.

Pampas are also temperate grasslands found in Argentina. Livestock grazing
and wheat growing are major economic activities of the region.

Downs are subtropical, semi-arid grasslands of Australia. Major economic activities are extensive mechanised wheat cultivation, pastoral farming, cattle ranching, etc.
Hence, option (d) is the correct match.

Tank irrigation is commonly found in South-Central parts of India due to various reasons.

First, there is insufficient availability of shallow ground water. Secondly, the plateaus of this region are made of impervious rocks with surface depression and undulating terrain, which helps in accumulation of rain water in depression or man-made tank.

Thus, tank irrigation is common in these areas. Hence, all the statements are correct.