Correct Answer: (d) Science and Technology
Solution:Survey of India, The National Survey and Mapping Organization of the country under the Department of Science and Technology, is the oldest scientific department of the Govt. of India. It was set up in 1767.
About Survey of India (SoI)
• It is the National Survey and Mapping Organization of the country, under the Department of Science and Technology.
• It is the oldest scientific department of the Govt. of India.
• It was set up in 1767 (Indian under British Rule) and has evolved rich traditions over the years.
• In its assigned role as the nation’s principal mapping agency, SoI bears a special responsibility to ensure that the country’s domain is explored and mapped suitably to provide base maps for expeditious and integrated development.
• Organized into only 5 Directorates in 1950, mainly to look after the mapping needs of Defence Forces in the North West and North East, the Department has now grown into 18 Directorates spread in all parts of the country to provide the basic map coverage required for the development of the country.
• Its technology, latest in the world, has been oriented to meet the needs of defence, planners, and scientists in the fields of geo-sciences, land and resource management.
• Its expert advice is being utilized by various ministries and undertakings of the Govt. of India in many sensitive areas, including the settlement of international borders, state boundaries and in assisting planned development of hitherto under developed areas.
• The department is also assisting in many scientific programmes of the nation related to the field of geo-physics, remote sensing, and digital data transfers.
• It acts as an adviser to the Govt. of Indian on all survey matters viz. Geodesy, Photogrammetry, Mapping, and Map Reproduction.