Government & Administration (India & World) (Part-II)

Total Questions: 50

11. With reference to Union Government, consider the following statements: [2009]

1. The Ministries and Departments of the Government of India are created by the Prime Minister on the advice of the Cabinet Secretary.

2. Each of the ministries is assigned to a Minister by the President of India on the advice of the Prime Minister.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only
Solution:According to Article 70 the Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. The government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961 is made by the President of India under Article 77 of the constitution for the allocation of business of the government of India.
The Ministries/ Departments of the government of India are created by the president on the advice of the prime Minister under these Rules.

12. Consider the following statements: [2009]

1. The Advocate General of a State in India is appointed by the President of India upon the recommendation of the Governor of the concerned State.

2. As provided in Civil Procedure Code, High Courts have original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction at the State level.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution:Statement 1 is incorrect as Advocate General of the state is appointed by the governor of the State. Under Articles 214-231, High Courts have original, writ (Article 226), appellate jurisdictions, and supervisory control over subordinate courts. However, only the Supreme Court has advisory jurisdiction on matters referred by the President under Article 143. Hence answer d is correct.

The Original Criminal Jurisdiction of High Courts has, however, been completely taken away by the criminal procedure code, 1973.

13. Consider the following statements: [2009]

1. Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) was set up during the Prime Ministership of Lal Bahadur Shastri.

2. The Members of CAT are drawn from both judicial and administrative streams.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only
Solution:Statement 1 is incorrect as CAT was set up in 1985 during the prime ministership of Rajiv Gandhi. The Central Administrative Tribunal, consisting of Administrative and Judicial Members, leverages their specialized knowledge to provide swift and effective justice efficiently.

The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) is a quasi-judicial body in India established under the Administrative Tribunals Act of 1985. Its primary function is to resolve grievances of central and state government employees regarding their service matters, providing a mechanism for speedy and effective justice. The concept of administrative tribunals in India dates back to 1941 with the establishment of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal.
After independence, the need for a specialized forum for service-related disputes grew. The Law Commission (1958) and Administrative Reforms Commission (1969) recommended tribunals to reduce judicial caseloads, especially for government employment issues.
Legislative Action: Based on these recommendations, the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 was enacted, effective from July 1, 1985, establishing a platform for public servants to address grievances related to recruitment and service conditions.
Constitutional Basis: The CAT was founded under Article 323-A of the Indian Constitution, empowering Parliament to set up tribunals for adjudicating disputes concerning public services

14. With reference to Union Government, consider the following statements: [2009]

1. The number of Ministries at the Centre on 15th August 1947 was 18.

2. The number of Ministries at the Centre at present is 36.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (a) 1 only
Solution:The number of ministeries at the Centre can vary based on factors such as volume of work, importance attached to different sectors, changes of orientation of policy etc. On 15 Aug, 1947, the number of ministries at the centre was 18. Cabinet reshuffles can alter the number of Ministries, so it fluctuates. The answer "1 only" suggests that, at the specific time of inquiry, there were not 36 Ministries at the Centre. Hence, option a is correct

15. With reference to the Consumer Disputes Redressal at district level in India, which one of the following statements is not correct? [2010]

Correct Answer: (c) The District Forum entertains the complaints where the value of goods or services does not exceed rupees fifty lakhs.
Solution:As per the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, District Forum consists of three members. Out of the three, one is President, who is or has been or is qualified to be a District Judge.

One of the members shall be a woman. It entertains complaints where the value of claim is up to 20 Lakhs.

About National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission:
• It is a quasi-judicial commission set up in 1988 under the Consumer Protection Act of 1986.
• Mandate: To provide inexpensive, speedy, and summary redressal of consumer disputes.
• It is headed by a sitting or a retired Judge of the SC or a sitting or a retired Chief Justice of a High Court.
• NCDRC shall have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint valued more than two crore and also have appellate and revisional jurisdiction from the orders of State Commissions or the District fora as the case may be.
• The provisions of this act cover ‘goods’ as well as ‘services’.

16. When the annual Union Budget is not passed by the Lok Sabha? [2011-1]

Correct Answer: (d) The Prime Minister submits the resignation of Council of Ministers.
Solution:If annual union budget is not passed by the LOK SABHА, it is tantamount to no confidence motion. So the govt submits the resignation of his council of ministers.
• A budget is an annual financial statement for a specific period of time, usually a year, that outlines projected income and expenses. It is used as a tool for managing financial resources and achieving specific goals such as mobilization of resources, fiscal consolidation, etc.
• The national budget is prepared by the budget division under the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), the Ministry of Finance and is presented to the Parliament for discussion and approval.
• The budget is used as a tool to manage the country's financial resources and to achieve the government's economic and social policies.
• The budget also helps to identify potential economic risks and opportunities and to make informed decisions about spending and taxation

17. The authorization for the withdrawal of funds from the Consolidated Fund of India must come from [2011-1]

Correct Answer: (b) The Parliament of India
Solution:Parliament shall have power to authorise by law the withdrawal of moneys from the Consolidated Fund of India for the purposes for which the said grants are made.

Union Government Funds
• To meet the financial requirements of the Government of India and ensure effective utilisation of resources, the Indian Constitution provides three distinct and specialised funds:
• Consolidated Fund of India
• Contingency Fund of India
• Public Account of India
• The Union Government funds are created to maintain financial discipline, allow flexibility in government expenditure and provide mechanisms for legislative oversight. They make sure that public resources are allocated and utilised efficiently and balance the operational needs of the government with parliamentary control over financial decisions. All these funds have a unique role in achieving fiscal stability and supporting the Union Government’s administrative and developmental objectives.

18. In the Parliament of India, the purpose of an adjournment motion is [2012-1]

Correct Answer: (a) to allow a discussion on a definite matter of urgent public importance
Solution:Adjournment motion:

(i) It is introduced in the Parliament to draw attention of the house to a definite matter of urgent public importance.

(ii) It is regarded as an extraordinary device, because it interrupts the normal business of the house.

(iii) It involves an element of censure against the government and Rajya Sabha cannot introduce Adjournment Motion.

(iv) The discussion on adjournment motion should last for not less than two hours and thirty minutes.

19. Consider the following statements: [2012-1]

1. Union Territories are not represented in the Rajya Sabha.

2. It is within the purview of the Chief Election Commissioner to adjudicate the election disputes.

3. According to the Constitution of India, the Parliament consists of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha only.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (d) None
Solution:None of the above statements are correct
(i) Union Territories (Delhi and Pondicherry) are represented in the Rajya Sabha.
(ii) It is not within the purview of the Chief Election Commissioner to adjudicate election disputes. It is the Supreme Court and High Court which look into the disputes.
(iii) According to the Constitution of India, the Parliament consists of the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha and the President of India.

20. Regarding the office of the Lok Sabha Speaker, consider the following statements: [2012-1]

1. He/She holds the office during the pleasure of the President.

2. He/She need not be a member of the House at the time of his/her election but has to become a member of the House within six months from the date of his/her election.

3. If he/she intends to resign, the letter of his/her resignation has to be addressed to the Deputy Speaker.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) 3 only
Solution:If the Lok Sabha Speaker wants to resign, the letter of his /her resignation has to be addressed to the Deputy Speaker. The Speaker is elected by the Lok-Sabha from amongst its Members. Usually the Speaker remains in office during the life of the Lok-Sabha.
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. According to Article 94, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha shall be chosen from amongst the members of the house and shall vacate his/her office when he/she ceases to be a member of the house.
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha can be removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the House, requiring 14 days' notice before the resolution is moved. This process is outlined in Article 94 of the Constitution and the rules of procedure..