Gupta and Post-Gupta Period (Part-III)

Total Questions: 40

11. Author of 'Nyaya Darshan' was - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]

Correct Answer: (a) Gautama
Solution:'Nyaya Darshan' was propagated by Gautama who is also known as 'Akshapada.' The word 'Nyaya' means decision or logic. Nyaya Darshan recognizes the existence of 16 substances or elements.

The original text of Nyaya Darshan is 'Nyayasutra' which is the masterpiece of Gautama. Maharshi Kapila propagated "Sankhya Darshan' while Jaimini propagated 'Poorva Mimansa.'

12. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below the lists : [U.P.B.E.O. (Pre) 2019]

(Philosophy)(Methods of achieve salvation)
A. Nyaya1. Acquisition of real knowledge
B. Mimamsa2. Knowledge of self
C. Sankhya Darshan3. Performing vedic
D. Vedanta Darshan4. Logical thinking

Code :

ABCD
(a)2413
(b)4321
(c)1423
(d)3412

 

Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:Following are the matches :-
(Philosophy)(Methods of achieve salvation)
A. Nyaya DarshanLogical thinking
B. Mimamsa DarshanPerforming vedic rituals
C. Sankhya DarshanAcquisition of real knowledge
D. Vedanta DarshanKnowledge of self

Philosophy - Propagator

Nyaya - Gautam

Poorva Mimasa Darshan - Gemini

Sankhya Darshan - Kapil

Vedanta Darshan/Uttar Mimansa - Badarayana

Veisheshik Darshan - Ulook kanad

Yoga Darshan - Patanjali

13. Which of the following pairs (School of Thought Proponent) is correctly matched ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (b) Nyaya - Gautama
Solution:The correct match is follows at -
List-IList-II
A. VaisheshikaKanada Muni
B. NyayaGautam
C. Purva MimasaGemini
D. Uttar MimansaBadarayana

14. Mimansa was initiated by - [Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007]

Correct Answer: (d) Jaimini
Solution:
List-IList-II
A. VaisheshikaKanada Muni
B. NyayaGautam
C. Purya MimamsaGemini
D. Uttar MimansaBadarayana

15. The theory of Karma is related with : [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]

Correct Answer: (b) Mimansa
Solution:The theory of Karma is related to 'Mimansa' philosophy. It is also known as Karma Mimansa, Poorva Mimansa or Dharma Mimansa. The acharya of Mimansa, Kumaril Bhatta is considered as the link between Poorva Mimansa and Vedanta.

16. Which of the following schools of philosophy is of the opinion that Vedas contain the eternal truth ? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Mimansa
Solution:'Mimansa' philosophy accepts that Vedas contain the eternal truth. Poorva Mimansa tells about 'Karmakanda' while Uttar Mimansa tells about 'Gyankand.'

17. The doctrine of Apurva is related to [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (d) Mimamsa
Solution:The doctrine of Apurva/Apoorv is related to Mimamsa philosophy. As per Mimamsa, Apurva is an unseen force which is a mediator between deeds performance (Karma) and their result.

The deeds performed in this world created an unseen force known as Apurva i.e. something which was not there before the performance of deeds.

18. Which of the following philosophies of India propounded the atom theory ? [66ᵗʰ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]

Correct Answer: (d) Vaisheshika
Solution:Maharishi Kanada is associated with atom theory. He was scientist & philosopher who founded Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy in which he gave the atomistic approach to physics and philosophy in Sanskrit.

19. Who among the following is called the founder of Indian Atomism ? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

Correct Answer: (c) Maharshi Kanad
Solution:Maharshi Kanad was the founder of Vaisheshika School of Indian philosophy. He propounded atom theory and called as the founder of Indian Atomism. According to this theory, material subjects are made up of atoms.

The Vaisheshika thus marked the beginning of physics in India. Kanad was first to prove that atom is the smallest unit of any matter. Atom cannot be seen through naked eyes and cannot be further divided.

The Vaisheshika school gives importance to the discussion of material elements or dravya. Earth, water, fire, air and sky when combined give rise to new objects.

20. Which one of the following pairs does not form part of the six systems of Indian Philosophy ? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

Correct Answer: (c) Lokayata
Solution:Hindu philosophy refers to a group of darshans (philosophies, worldview, teachings) that emerged in ancient India.

The mainstream Hindu philosophy includes six systems (Saddarsana) Sankhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimansa, and Vedanta. Hence Lokayata and Kapalika are not part of the six systems of Indian Philosophy.