History (CDS-Solved Paper)

Saadat Khan Burhanul Mulk or Saadat Ali Khan was appointed Nawab in 1722 and established his court in Faizabad near Lucknow. He took advantage of a weakening Mughal Empire in Delhi to lay the foundation of the Awadh dynasty.

In 1665, the French traveller Jean Baptiste Tavernier described the architectural beauty of the Vindu Madhava temple on the side of the Ganges.
According to him, the majority of houses in Varanasi during the 17th century were made of brick and mud.

Fort William College (also called the College of Fort William) was an academy and learning centre of Oriental studies established by Lord Wellesley in 1800, by the then Governor-General of British India. Fort William College aimed at training British officials in Indian languages and, in the process, fostered the development of languages such as Bengali and Urdu.

Amiya Kumar Bagchi examined evidence on handloom spinning and other traditional industry in Gangetic Bihar, an area of Eastern India, collected between 1809 and 1813 by the East India Company surveyor Dr. Francis Buchanan Hamilton. Bagchi compared Hamilton’s data with the 1901 Census estimates of the population dependent on industry for the same area.

Robert Fortune (1812-80) was a Scottish botanist, plant hunter and traveller. He is best known for stealing tea plants from China in the employment of the British East India Company.

Azad Hind Radio was a propaganda radio service that was started under the leadership of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose in Germany in 1942 to encourage Indians to fight for freedom.

Cabinet Mission of 1946 came to India with an aim to discuss the transfer of power from the British Government to the Indian leadership, with the aim of preserving India’s unity and granting it independence. The Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946 proposed that there shall be a Union of India which was to be empowered to deal with the defense, foreign affairs and communication. The Muslim League first approved the plan. But when Congress declared that it could change the scheme through its majority in the Constituent Assembly, they rejected the plan.

Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was the elected President of All India Kisan Sabha at Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh in 1944. It was the Eighth Conference of All India Kisan Sabha. Swami Sahajanand fist started the Kisan Sabha Movement in Bihar. He was instrumental in forming All India Kisan Sabha in 1936 and became its first President. The Kisan Sabha movement had started in Bihar under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati.

Eka Movement or Unity Movement is a Peasant Movement which surfaced in Hardoi, Bahraich and Sitapur (Uttar Pradesh) during the end of 1921 by Madari Pasi, an offshoot of Non-cooperation Movement.

The first All India Hindu Mahasabha Conference was organised at Haridwar in 1915 during Kumbh Mela. Hindu Mahasabha was founded in 1915 by Madan Mohan Malviya. It worked with Arya Samaj and other Hindu organisations. It was directly linked with Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh founded in 1925 at Nagpur by K. B Hedgewar.