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Human Anatomy and Physiology : II. Digestive System

📆 October 26, 2024

Total Questions: 42

11. Enzymes are basically – [U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013, U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2004, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2002, M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]

Correct Answer: (c) Proteins
Solution:Enzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as bio-catalysts and help complex reactions occur in the body. These are basically proteins which accelerate chemical reactions in living systems. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life.

12. Most of the enzymes are : [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2022]

Correct Answer: (a) proteins
Solution:Enzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as bio-catalysts and help complex reactions occur in the body. These are basically proteins which accelerate chemical reactions in living systems. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life.

13. Enzymes are – [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Proteins
Solution:Enzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as bio-catalysts and help complex reactions occur in the body. These are basically proteins which accelerate chemical reactions in living systems. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life.

14. Substances which are responsible for catalyzing chemical reactions in living systems are : [44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]

Correct Answer: (c) Enzymes
Solution:Enzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as bio-catalysts and help complex reactions occur in the body. These are basically proteins which accelerate chemical reactions in living systems. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life.

15. Which of the following statements about enzymes is/are correct? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]

  1. They are biocatalysts.
  2. They perform their action on the site where they are produced.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

Codes:

Correct Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Solution:Enzymes can be defined as biological polymers that catalyze biochemical reactions. Thus, they are biocatalysts and accelerate chemical reactions in the human body. Generally, enzymes perform their action on the site where they are produced. Hence, both statements are correct.

16. Which enzyme can catalyze the conversion of glucose to ethanol? [Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (a) Zymase
Solution:Zymase is an enzyme complex that catalyzes the fermentation of sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide. It occurs naturally in yeasts. Zymase activity varies among yeast strains.

17. Production of which one of the following is a function of the liver? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2007]

Correct Answer: (b) Urea
Solution:The liver is the largest gland in the human body. It is located in the abdominal cavity, just below the diaphragm and has two lobes. It is an important digestive organ in the human body. Its main function is the production of bile, storage of fat and conversion of harmful ammonia to urea (urea is one of the end products of protein metabolism that is excreted in the urine).

18. Digestion of Lipids takes place in the presence of some of the following : [U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

  1. Bile acids
  2. Lipase
  3. Pepsin

Of these,

Correct Answer: (c) Only 1 and 2 are correct
Solution:Most of the lipids in our food are present in the form of simple fats or triglycerides. Lipase enzyme plays an important role in the digestion of lipids. Lipase breaks down lipids into fatty acids and monoglycerides. Bile probably contains no digestive enzyme, yet it plays an important role in the digestion and absorption of fat. It facilitates emulsification of fats. Pepsin is a protein-digesting or proteolytic enzyme.

19. The source of the enzyme 'lipase' is : [66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2020]

Correct Answer: (b) Pancreas
Solution:The enzyme 'lipase' is produced in the pancreas, mouth, and stomach. It is a fat-hydrolyzing enzyme. Its function is to digest fats and lipids, helping to maintain correct gallbladder function.

Lipase breaks down fats (triglycerides) into simpler fatty acids and glycerol, which are then absorbed by the body. This process is crucial for the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, emulsifies fats, creating a larger surface area for lipase to work effectively. While lipase aids in fat digestion, it doesn't directly control or maintain the function of the gallbladder. The gallbladder's primary role is to store and release bile, which is essential for fat digestion, but not directly influenced by lipase.

20. Which one of the following is not a digestive enzyme in the human system? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2007]

Correct Answer: (b) Gastrin
Solution:Trypsin, ptyalin, and pepsin are digestive enzymes whose secretion is performed by pancreas, salivary gland, and stomach respectively. Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is released by G-cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas.
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