Human Anatomy and Physiology : V. Circulatory System Part-II

1. The blood group of universal donor is – [40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995, 43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999, M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2000, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2003]

(a) B
(b) O
(c) A
(d) AB

Correct Answer: (b) O

Solution:Individuals with blood group 'O' are a universal donor because their red blood cells have neither A nor B antigens on their surface. So, the blood of a person having O group can be given to people with any blood group.

2. For human blood transfusion, which blood group is known as a universal donor? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) B⁺ Group
(b) O Group
(c) AB Group
(d) A⁺ Group

Correct Answer: (b) O Group

Solution:Individuals with blood group 'O' are a universal donor because their red blood cells have neither A nor B antigens on their surface. So, the blood of a person having O group can be given to people with any blood group.

3. A person of which blood group can be a universal donor? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

(a) O
(b) A
(c) B
(d) AB

Correct Answer: (a) O

Solution:Individuals with blood group 'O' are a universal donor because their red blood cells have neither A nor B antigens on their surface. So, the blood of a person having O group can be given to people with any blood group.

4. Assertion (A): People with AB blood groups are universal recipients. [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

Reason (R): Red blood cell of blood group AB has no antigen and so agglutination does not occur with any other blood group.

Code:

(a) both (A) and (R) are individually true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) both (A) are (R) are individually true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is true, but (R) is true.

Correct Answer: (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

Solution:

Blood group AB individuals have both A and B antigens on the surface of their RBCs and their blood plasma does not contain any antibodies. Therefore an individual with type AB blood can receive blood from any group (with AB being preferable), but cannot donate blood to any group other than AB. They are known as universal recipients.

5. The universal acceptor blood group is : [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2022]

Correct Answer: (c) AB

Solution:

Blood group AB individuals have both A and B antigens on the surface of their RBCs and their blood plasma does not contain any antibodies. Therefore an individual with type AB blood can receive blood from any group (with AB being preferable), but cannot donate blood to any group other than AB. They are known as universal recipients.

6. Blood group AB can accept blood from a person of which blood group ? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]

(a) A Only
(b) B Only
(c) AB Only
(d) Any Group

Correct Answer: (d) Any Group

Solution:Blood group AB individuals have both A and B antigens on the surface of their RBCs and their blood plasma does not contain any antibodies. Therefore an individual with type AB blood can receive blood from any group (with AB being preferable), but cannot donate blood to any group other than AB. They are known as universal recipients.

7. A person with 'AB' blood group is sometimes called a universal recipient because of the : [I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]

(a) Lack of antigen in his blood
(b) Lack of antibodies in his blood
(c) Lack of both antigens and antibodies in his blood
(d) Presence of antibodies in his blood

Correct Answer: (b) Lack of antibodies in his blood

Solution:Blood group AB individuals have both A and B antigens on the surface of their RBCs and their blood plasma does not contain any antibodies. Therefore an individual with type AB blood can receive blood from any group (with AB being preferable), but cannot donate blood to any group other than AB. They are known as universal recipients.

8. A man having ‘A’ blood group met a serious road accident and the doctors advised for blood transfusion. The relatives were asked to donate blood, whose blood groups were found to be as follows : [R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2013]

(i) Wife – ‘O’
(ii) Brother – ‘AB’
(iii) Son – ‘A’
(iv) Daughter – ‘O’

Who among the above relations could donate blood to the injured man?

(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (iii) and (iv)

Correct Answer: (d) (i), (iii) and (iv)

Solution:

Blood group A individuals have the A antigen on the surface of their RBCs and blood serum containing IgM antibodies against the B antigen. Therefore, group A individual can receive blood only from individuals of groups A or O (with A being preferable) and can donate blood to individuals with type A or AB.

9. A person meets with an accident and needs a blood transfusion but there is no time to check his blood group. Which of the following blood groups could be given to him? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006, R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2013]

(a) O⁺
(b) O⁻
(c) AB⁺
(d) AB⁻

Correct Answer: (b) O⁻

Solution:There are four main blood groups defined by ABO system.

Blood group A - has A antigens on the RBC with anti-B antibodies in the plasma.
Blood group B - has B antigens with anti-A antibodies in the plasma.
Blood group AB - has both A and B antigens, but no antibodies.
Blood group O - has no antigens, but both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma.

Red blood cells sometimes have another antigen, a protein known as RhD antigen. If this is present, the blood group is RhD-positive. If it is absent, the blood group is RhD-negative. In most cases, ORhD-negative blood (O⁻) can safely be given to anyone. It is often used in medical emergencies when the blood type isn’t immediately known. It’s safe for most users because it doesn’t have any A, B or RhD antigens on the surface of the blood cells, and is compatible with every other ABO and RhD blood group.

10. A man whose blood group is not known meets with a serious accident and needs blood transfusion immediately. Which one of the blood groups mentioned below and readily available in the hospital will be safe for transfusion? [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2013, I.A.S. (Pre) 2001]

(a) O, Rh⁻
(b) O, Rh⁺
(c) AB, Rh⁻
(d) AB, Rh⁺

Correct Answer: (a) O, Rh⁻

Solution:There are four main blood groups defined by ABO system.

Blood group A - has A antigens on the RBC with anti-B antibodies in the plasma.
Blood group B - has B antigens with anti-A antibodies in the plasma.
Blood group AB - has both A and B antigens, but no antibodies.
Blood group O - has no antigens, but both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma.

Red blood cells sometimes have another antigen, a protein known as RhD antigen. If this is present, the blood group is RhD-positive. If it is absent, the blood group is RhD-negative. In most cases, ORhD-negative blood (O⁻) can safely be given to anyone. It is often used in medical emergencies when the blood type isn’t immediately known. It’s safe for most users because it doesn’t have any A, B or RhD antigens on the surface of the blood cells, and is compatible with every other ABO and RhD blood group.

Human Anatomy and Physiology : V. Circulatory System Part-II

1. The blood group of universal donor is – [40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995, 43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999, M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2000, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2003]

2. For human blood transfusion, which blood group is known as a universal donor? [U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

3. A person of which blood group can be a universal donor? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]

4. Assertion (A): People with AB blood groups are universal recipients. [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]

5. The universal acceptor blood group is : [67th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2022]

6. Blood group AB can accept blood from a person of which blood group ? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]

7. A person with 'AB' blood group is sometimes called a universal recipient because of the : [I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]

8. A man having ‘A’ blood group met a serious road accident and the doctors advised for blood transfusion. The relatives were asked to donate blood, whose blood groups were found to be as follows : [R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2013]

9. A person meets with an accident and needs a blood transfusion but there is no time to check his blood group. Which of the following blood groups could be given to him? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006, R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2013]

10. A man whose blood group is not known meets with a serious accident and needs blood transfusion immediately. Which one of the blood groups mentioned below and readily available in the hospital will be safe for transfusion? [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2013, I.A.S. (Pre) 2001]

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