India : Population (Demography) Part-V

Total Questions: 50

21. According to Census 2011, which of the following States of India has the highest female sex-ratio? [U.P.R.O/A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]

Correct Answer: (d) Kerala
Solution:As per final figures of the 2011 Census, Kerala has the highest number of females per 1000 males (sex-ratio) in the country (1084). It is 996 in Tamil Nadu, 992 in Manipur and 989 in Meghalaya.
  • According to figures of 2011 Census, out of 1210.1 million population, 623.7 million are male and 586.4 million are females.
  • Thus, the overall sex ratio for Indian Population according to the 2011 Census, is 943.
    ∗ This suggests that the number of females is quite less as compared to males
    ∗ In other words, the sex ratio in the country had always remained unfavorable to females
    ∗ The sex-ratio was 933 in the previous census 2001.

22. In which State of India, the female-male ratio is more than 1000? [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]

Correct Answer: (c) Kerala
Solution:Kerala is the only State of India during the question Period and even today where the number of females is more than males. As per Census 2001, the sex-ratio in Kerala was 1059, while as per Census 2011, the sex-ratio in Kerala is 1084. Similarly, the sex-ratio of Puducherry among the Union Territories is also more than 1000 (1037).

The steps taken to improve the sex ratio in India
∗ Complete ban under law on sex determination during pregnancy under the PCPDNT Act
∗ Declaring 24th January as the National Girl Child Day in 2012
∗ Sabla scheme launched on the International Women's day in 2011, aims at enabling self-development and empowerment of adolescent girls, improving their health and nutrition status; and spreading awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition, reproductive health, family and child care
∗ Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme was launched in 2015 in Panipat, Haryana to address the issue of decline in child sex ratio, whose objectives are:

  • Prevention of gender biased sex selective elimination.
  • Ensuring survival & protection of the girl child.
  • Ensuring education and participation of the girl child.

23. The Indian State having more females compared to males as per the last Census is: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]

Correct Answer: (a) Kerala
Solution:Kerala is the only State of India during the question Period and even today where the number of females is more than males. As per Census 2001, the sex-ratio in Kerala was 1059, while as per Census 2011, the sex-ratio in Kerala is 1084. Similarly, the sex-ratio of Puducherry among the Union Territories is also more than 1000 (1037).

The steps taken to improve the sex ratio in India
∗ Complete ban under law on sex determination during pregnancy under the PCPDNT Act
∗ Declaring 24th January as the National Girl Child Day in 2012
∗ Sabla scheme launched on the International Women's day in 2011, aims at enabling self-development and empowerment of adolescent girls, improving their health and nutrition status; and spreading awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition, reproductive health, family and child care
∗ Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme was launched in 2015 in Panipat, Haryana to address the issue of decline in child sex ratio, whose objectives are:

  • Prevention of gender biased sex selective elimination.
  • Ensuring survival & protection of the girl child.
  • Ensuring education and participation of the girl child.

24. In which one of the following States/Union Territories did the females out-number the males at the time of the last Census? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2004, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2009]

Correct Answer: (a) Puducherry
Solution:As per Census 2011, the sex-ratio of Puducherry is more than 1000, that is 1037.
  • According to figures of 2011 Census, out of 1210.1 million population, 623.7 million are male and 586.4 million are females.
  • Thus, the overall sex ratio for Indian Population according to the 2011 Census, is 943.
    ∗ This suggests that the number of females is quite less as compared to males
    ∗ In other words, the sex ratio in the country had always remained unfavorable to females
    ∗ The sex-ratio was 933 in the previous census 2001.

25. Which among the following States has highest sex-ratio in 2011? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]

Correct Answer: (a) Tamil Nadu
Solution:As per final figures of Census 2011, the sex-ratio of the given States are as follows:
StateSex Ratio
Tamil Nadu996
Andhra Pradesh993
Odisha979
Karnataka973

26. Which of the following States has the highest sex-ratio in 2011? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

Correct Answer: (c) Tamil Nadu
Solution:Among the given States, Tamil Nadu has the highest sex- ratio (996) in 2011. In 2011, sex-ratio in Andhra Pradesh is 993, while in Karnataka and Goa, it is at 973.
  • According to figures of 2011 Census, out of 1210.1 million population, 623.7 million are male and 586.4 million are females.
  • Thus, the overall sex ratio for Indian Population according to the 2011 Census, is 943.
    ∗ This suggests that the number of females is quite less as compared to males
    ∗ In other words, the sex ratio in the country had always remained unfavorable to females
    ∗ The sex-ratio was 933 in the previous census 2001.

27. Among the following States which one has the highest sex-ratio, according to 2001 Census? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

Correct Answer: (b) Chhattisgarh
Solution:As per Census 2001 and 2011, the sex-ratio of the given States are as follows:
StateSex Ratio (2001)Sex Ratio (2011)
Chhattisgarh989991
Andhra Pradesh978993
Himachal Pradesh968972
Jharkhand941949

28. Which one of the following States of India has sex-ratio (as per 2011 Census) above the national average? [U.P. R.O/A.R.O. (Mains) 2013, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]

Correct Answer: (a) Jharkhand
Solution:According to the 2011 Census, India's sex-ratio is 943. Among the States given in the options, Jharkhand's sex-ratio (949) is higher than the national average, while sex-ratio in other States Gujarat (919), Maharashtra (929) and Madhya Pradesh (931) are lower than national average

Following are some important factors responsible for low and declining sex ratio:

  • More males are born than females
    ∗ This is a worldwide phenomenon and India is no exception to this
    ∗ According to the findings of the Census of India, the imbalance in the number of males and females starts in the beginning.
    It is now a well-established law of nature, that the males exceed females at the time of birth.
    ∗ Many demographers believe that left to its own, this is an unalterable constant.
    ∗ Practice of female infanticide in the past, and the cognizant feticide at present have resulted in low sex ratio.
    ∗ The preference for male child, leads to sex determination tests and the resultant termination of pregnancy in case fetus happens to be a female.
    ∗ The pre-conception and pre-natal diagnostic Technique (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, has failed to yield the desired result, because of its inherent loopholes and faulty implementation.
    ∗ With small family norms, many young couples do not go for a second child, if the first child happens to be a male.

29. According to Census 2011 provisional data related to persons aged 7 years and above, in which of the following States males outnumber females? [U.P.U.D.A.L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]

1. Bihar

2. Maharashtra

3. Uttar Pradesh

4. West Bengal

Select the Correct answer from the code given bellow:

Code:

Correct Answer: (d) All the four
Solution:As per Census 2011, the seven years and above males out- number females in all the four States given in question.

The steps taken to improve the sex ratio in India
∗ Complete ban under law on sex determination during pregnancy under the PCPDNT Act
∗ Declaring 24th January as the National Girl Child Day in 2012
∗ Sabla scheme launched on the International Women's day in 2011, aims at enabling self-development and empowerment of adolescent girls, improving their health and nutrition status; and spreading awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition, reproductive health, family and child care
∗ Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme was launched in 2015 in Panipat, Haryana to address the issue of decline in child sex ratio, whose objectives are:

  • Prevention of gender biased sex selective elimination.
  • Ensuring survival & protection of the girl child.
  • Ensuring education and participation of the girl child.

30. Among which of the following Indian States lowest sex- ratio has been found, according to the Census 2001? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]

Correct Answer: (a) Haryana
Solution:Haryana has the lowest sex-ratio among all States of India. As per Census 2001 and 2011, the sex-ratio of given States are as follows:
StateSex Ratio (2001)Sex Ratio (2011)
Haryana861879
Punjab876895
Sikkim890890
Uttar Pradesh898912