India : Population (Part – I)

Total Questions: 50

41. Among which of the following Census years the decadal growth rate of population had remained negative? [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl.) (Mains) 2010]

(a) 1901
(b) 1911
(c) 1921
(d) None of the above

Solution:The year 1921 has been the only Census year in the history of the Indian Census in which the decadal growth rate of population was negative (-0.31%). After that year population of India gradually registered accelerated growth. Hence, 1921 is called as the year of 'Great Divide' or 'Demographic Divide'.

42. Assertion (A): India has experienced a phenomenal growth of population since 1951. [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]

Reason (R): 1951 is called the demographic divide in India's demographic history.

Codes:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.

Correct Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.

Solution:In the year 1951, the population of India was about 36 crore, which became more than 102 crore in Census 2001. There- fore, from 1951 to 2001, India's population almost tripled. The year 1921 is called 'the great divide year' in the demographic history of India. Hence, Statement is true but Reason is false. As per Census 2011, India's population became more than 121 crore.

43. The highest average annual exponential growth rate in India's population has been recorded during the decade of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

(a) 1951-61
(b) 1961-71
(c) 1971-81
(d) 1981-91

Solution:The highest average annual exponential growth rate (2.22%) in India's population was recorded in the decade of 1971-81. Whereas in the decade 2001-2011, the average annual exponential growth rate was recorded at 1.64 percent.

Decade	Average annual exponential growth rate (percent)
1951-61	1.96
1961-71	2.20
1971-81	2.22
1981-91	2.16
1991-2001	1.97
2001-11	1.64

44. According to the Census of 2001, the annual exponential growth rate of the population in India during the last decade was: [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]

(a) 2.5 percent
(b) 2.2 percent
(c) 1.9 percent
(d) 1.5 percent

Correct Answer: (c) 1.9 percent

Solution:As per Census 2011, the annual exponential growth rate (Average Annual Population Growth) of India's population in the decade 1991-2001 was 1.97 percent. This is 1.64 percent as per 2011 Census.

45. Consider the following statements: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2009]

1. Between Census 1951 and Census 2001, the density of the population of India has increased more than three times.

2. Between Census 1951 and Census 2001, the annual growth rate (exponential) of the population of India has doubled.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution:The annual average growth rate of India's population was 1.25 percent in Census 1951, while it was 1.97 percent in Census 2001. In the year 1951, the population density in India was 117 people per sq. km, which increased to 325 persons per sq. km in 2001. Hence both the given statements are incorrect. As per Census 2011, India's population density is 382 persons per sq. km and the average annual exponential growth rate of population is 1.64 percent.

46. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the code given below: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006]

1. India's population is characterized by a high growth rate.

2. With the current growth rate, it is likely to overtake China in the near future.

3. Out of every six persons of the world, one is an Indian. 4. About 40% of the India's population is below the poverty line level.

Code:

(a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
(b) 2, 3 and 4 are correct
(c) 1,3 and 4 are correct
(d) 1, 2 and 4 are correct

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

Solution:If the year of 1921 Census is omitted, the decadal population growth rate of India has been continuously increasing from 1901 to 1971. The decade 1961-71 was the decade of the highest decadal growth (24.80%) in India. After the year 1971, the decadal growth rate is declining but overall India's population is growing at a rapid pace. The population of India in- creased by 18.23 crore in the decade 1991-2001. As per the UN Report of 2024, India's population has overtaken China.

According to the United Nations Population Fund's 2003 annual report, the total population of the world was 6.3 billion while as per 2001 Census, the total population of India was 102.87 crore, that is one of the six persons in the world is an Indian.

The population of people living below the poverty line in India was less than 40 percent during the question period. As per official figure, about 21.92 percent of people living below the poverty line in the year 2011-12. Hence, statement 4 is incorrect.

47. What is the total population of India? [B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]

(a) 1,027,015,247
(b) 1,027,101,012
(c) 10,12,52,751
(d) None of these

Correct Answer: (d) None of these

Solution:As per Census 2001, the total population of India was 1,028,737,436 while according to the Census 2011, the total population of India is 1,21,08,54,977 in which the population of male is 62,32,70,258 and population of females is 58,75,84,719.

48. Population of India according to 1991 Census was: [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]

(a) 82.7 crore
(b) 83.4 crore
(c) 84.6 crore
(d) 85.1 crore

Correct Answer: (c) 84.6 crore

Solution:According to the Census 1991, the total population of India was 846421039 (84.6 crore). As per Census 2011, the total population of India is 1210854977. According to 'State of World Population, 2024' Report, population of India is at 1441.7 mil- lion in 2024. Now, India is the largest populated country in the world and China has second position in the world.

49. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the code below: [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2008]

1. India has 16% of the world's population and 2.4% of the Earth's land area.

2. India has 24% of the world's population and 1.6% of Earth's land area.

3. In the yearly growth of world's population, India's share is 14 millions and china's share is 18 milions.

4. In the yearly growth of world's population India's share 110is 18 millions and China's share 10 milions.

(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 2 and 4
(d) 1 and 4

Correct Answer: (d) 1 and 4

Solution:As per Census 2001 Statement (2) and (3) are incorrect, while Statements (1) and (4) are correct.

50. Which one of the following is not true according to Census 2011? [Uttarakhand Lower (Sub.) (Pre) 2010]

(a) India accounts for 18.5% of the World Population.
(b) Population of India is 121 crores.
(c) The increase in population is by 18.1 crores during the decade 2001-2011?
(d) The highest density of population is in Delhi.

Correct Answer: (a) India accounts for 18.5% of the World Population.

Solution:As per Census 2011, the facts mentioned in options (b), (c) and (d) are true. Statement of option (a) is not true as India is home to about 17.5 percent of the World Population.

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