India : Population (Part – V)

21. According to Census 2011, which of the following States of India has the highest female sex-ratio? [U.P.R.O/A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]

(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Andhra Pradesh
(c) Chhattisgarh
(d) Kerala

Correct Answer: (d) Kerala

Solution:As per final figures of the 2011 Census, Kerala has the highest number of females per 1000 males (sex-ratio) in the country (1084). It is 996 in Tamil Nadu, 992 in Manipur and 989 in Meghalaya.

According to figures of 2011 Census, out of 1210.1 million population, 623.7 million are male and 586.4 million are females.
Thus, the overall sex ratio for Indian Population according to the 2011 Census, is 943.
∗ This suggests that the number of females is quite less as compared to males
∗ In other words, the sex ratio in the country had always remained unfavorable to females
∗ The sex-ratio was 933 in the previous census 2001.

22. In which State of India, the female-male ratio is more than 1000? [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]

(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Karnataka
(c) Kerala
(d) Tamil Nadu

Correct Answer: (c) Kerala

Solution:Kerala is the only State of India during the question Period and even today where the number of females is more than males. As per Census 2001, the sex-ratio in Kerala was 1059, while as per Census 2011, the sex-ratio in Kerala is 1084. Similarly, the sex-ratio of Puducherry among the Union Territories is also more than 1000 (1037).

The steps taken to improve the sex ratio in India
∗ Complete ban under law on sex determination during pregnancy under the PCPDNT Act
∗ Declaring 24th January as the National Girl Child Day in 2012
∗ Sabla scheme launched on the International Women's day in 2011, aims at enabling self-development and empowerment of adolescent girls, improving their health and nutrition status; and spreading awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition, reproductive health, family and child care
∗ Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme was launched in 2015 in Panipat, Haryana to address the issue of decline in child sex ratio, whose objectives are:

Prevention of gender biased sex selective elimination.
Ensuring survival & protection of the girl child.
Ensuring education and participation of the girl child.

23. The Indian State having more females compared to males as per the last Census is: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]

(a) Kerala
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Karnatka
(d) Himachal Pradesh

Correct Answer: (a) Kerala

Solution:Kerala is the only State of India during the question Period and even today where the number of females is more than males. As per Census 2001, the sex-ratio in Kerala was 1059, while as per Census 2011, the sex-ratio in Kerala is 1084. Similarly, the sex-ratio of Puducherry among the Union Territories is also more than 1000 (1037).

The steps taken to improve the sex ratio in India
∗ Complete ban under law on sex determination during pregnancy under the PCPDNT Act
∗ Declaring 24th January as the National Girl Child Day in 2012
∗ Sabla scheme launched on the International Women's day in 2011, aims at enabling self-development and empowerment of adolescent girls, improving their health and nutrition status; and spreading awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition, reproductive health, family and child care
∗ Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme was launched in 2015 in Panipat, Haryana to address the issue of decline in child sex ratio, whose objectives are:

Prevention of gender biased sex selective elimination.
Ensuring survival & protection of the girl child.
Ensuring education and participation of the girl child.

24. In which one of the following States/Union Territories did the females out-number the males at the time of the last Census? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2004, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2009]

(a) Puducherry
(b) Delhi
(c) Chandigarh
(d) Lakshadweep

Correct Answer: (a) Puducherry

Solution:As per Census 2011, the sex-ratio of Puducherry is more than 1000, that is 1037.

According to figures of 2011 Census, out of 1210.1 million population, 623.7 million are male and 586.4 million are females.
Thus, the overall sex ratio for Indian Population according to the 2011 Census, is 943.
∗ This suggests that the number of females is quite less as compared to males
∗ In other words, the sex ratio in the country had always remained unfavorable to females
∗ The sex-ratio was 933 in the previous census 2001.

25. Which among the following States has highest sex-ratio in 2011? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]

(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Andhra Pradesh
(c) Karnataka
(d) Odisha

Correct Answer: (a) Tamil Nadu

Solution:As per final figures of Census 2011, the sex-ratio of the given States are as follows:

State	Sex Ratio
Tamil Nadu	996
Andhra Pradesh	993
Odisha	979
Karnataka	973

26. Which of the following States has the highest sex-ratio in 2011? [Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]

(a) Karnataka
(b) Goa
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Andhra Pradesh

Correct Answer: (c) Tamil Nadu

Solution:Among the given States, Tamil Nadu has the highest sex- ratio (996) in 2011. In 2011, sex-ratio in Andhra Pradesh is 993, while in Karnataka and Goa, it is at 973.

According to figures of 2011 Census, out of 1210.1 million population, 623.7 million are male and 586.4 million are females.
Thus, the overall sex ratio for Indian Population according to the 2011 Census, is 943.
∗ This suggests that the number of females is quite less as compared to males
∗ In other words, the sex ratio in the country had always remained unfavorable to females
∗ The sex-ratio was 933 in the previous census 2001.

27. Among the following States which one has the highest sex-ratio, according to 2001 Census? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Chhattisgarh
(c) Himachal Pradesh
(d) Jharkhand

Correct Answer: (b) Chhattisgarh

Solution:As per Census 2001 and 2011, the sex-ratio of the given States are as follows:

State	Sex Ratio (2001)	Sex Ratio (2011)
Chhattisgarh	989	991
Andhra Pradesh	978	993
Himachal Pradesh	968	972
Jharkhand	941	949

28. Which one of the following States of India has sex-ratio (as per 2011 Census) above the national average? [U.P. R.O/A.R.O. (Mains) 2013, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]

(a) Jharkhand
(b) Gujarat
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Madhya Pradesh

Correct Answer: (a) Jharkhand

Solution:According to the 2011 Census, India's sex-ratio is 943. Among the States given in the options, Jharkhand's sex-ratio (949) is higher than the national average, while sex-ratio in other States Gujarat (919), Maharashtra (929) and Madhya Pradesh (931) are lower than national average

Following are some important factors responsible for low and declining sex ratio:

More males are born than females
∗ This is a worldwide phenomenon and India is no exception to this
∗ According to the findings of the Census of India, the imbalance in the number of males and females starts in the beginning.
It is now a well-established law of nature, that the males exceed females at the time of birth.
∗ Many demographers believe that left to its own, this is an unalterable constant.
∗ Practice of female infanticide in the past, and the cognizant feticide at present have resulted in low sex ratio.
∗ The preference for male child, leads to sex determination tests and the resultant termination of pregnancy in case fetus happens to be a female.
∗ The pre-conception and pre-natal diagnostic Technique (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, has failed to yield the desired result, because of its inherent loopholes and faulty implementation.
∗ With small family norms, many young couples do not go for a second child, if the first child happens to be a male.

29. According to Census 2011 provisional data related to persons aged 7 years and above, in which of the following States males outnumber females? [U.P.U.D.A.L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]

1. Bihar

2. Maharashtra

3. Uttar Pradesh

4. West Bengal

Select the Correct answer from the code given bellow:

Code:

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) All the four

Correct Answer: (d) All the four

Solution:As per Census 2011, the seven years and above males out- number females in all the four States given in question.

The steps taken to improve the sex ratio in India
∗ Complete ban under law on sex determination during pregnancy under the PCPDNT Act
∗ Declaring 24th January as the National Girl Child Day in 2012
∗ Sabla scheme launched on the International Women's day in 2011, aims at enabling self-development and empowerment of adolescent girls, improving their health and nutrition status; and spreading awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition, reproductive health, family and child care
∗ Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme was launched in 2015 in Panipat, Haryana to address the issue of decline in child sex ratio, whose objectives are:

Prevention of gender biased sex selective elimination.
Ensuring survival & protection of the girl child.
Ensuring education and participation of the girl child.

30. Among which of the following Indian States lowest sex- ratio has been found, according to the Census 2001? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]

(a) Haryana
(b) Punjab
(c) Sikkim
(d) Uttar Pradesh

Correct Answer: (a) Haryana

Solution:Haryana has the lowest sex-ratio among all States of India. As per Census 2001 and 2011, the sex-ratio of given States are as follows:

State	Sex Ratio (2001)	Sex Ratio (2011)
Haryana	861	879
Punjab	876	895
Sikkim	890	890
Uttar Pradesh	898	912