India : Population (Part – VI)

The ten-year action plan formulated under the National Population Policy included higher involvement of self help groups, free compulsory education from 6 to 14 years children, and compulsory registration of Marriages and Pregnancies. The policy also provides special awards to the women (not men) who use other family planning measures.

India is the first country in the World to adopt the National Family Planning Programme. Hence Statement (1) is wrong. National Population Policy, 2000 of India originally aimed to bring down the total fertility rate to replacement level of 2.1 with a total population of India about 111 crores by the year 2010. Hence Statement (2) is true. Kerala is the first State to achieve the replacement level of fertility in India, while the second State is Tamil Nadu. Thus, Statement (3) is also true. Hence correct answer is option (c).

In the new National Population Policy adopted in February 2000, it was announced to take immediate, medium-term and long-term measures for population control. In the immediate steps contraceptive needs, healthcare and incomplete needs related to basic reproduction and child health are included. The medium-term measures included the efforts to achieve the Gross Fertility Rate to replacement level of 2.1 by the year 2010. Under the long-term target, the target of stabilization of the population by the year 2045 was set, which was later modified to 2070.

In the new National Population Policy adopted in February 2000, it was announced to take immediate, medium-term and long-term measures for population control. In the immediate steps contraceptive needs, healthcare and incomplete needs related to basic reproduction and child health are included. The medium-term measures included the efforts to achieve the Gross Fertility Rate to replacement level of 2.1 by the year 2010. Under the long-term target, the target of stabilization of the population by the year 2045 was set, which was later modified to 2070.

In the new National Population Policy adopted in February 2000, it was announced to take immediate, medium-term and long-term measures for population control. In the immediate steps contraceptive needs, healthcare and incomplete needs related to basic reproduction and child health are included. The medium-term measures included the efforts to achieve the Gross Fertility Rate to replacement level of 2.1 by the year 2010. Under the long-term target, the target of stabilization of the population by the year 2045 was set, which was later modified to 2070.

The number of children born per woman has been estimated at 2.1 for the zero population growth. After achieving this, the population growth will be stagnant.

In order to reach at the replacement level of fertility, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) should be 2.1 per woman.

As per Sample Registration Survey (SRS), 2016, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) by residence of India was 2.3. In 2016, TFR in rural areas was 2.5 and in urban areas it was at 1.8. The TFR of the country declined to 2.2 in 2018 (SRS) and as per NFHS-5 (2019-21) it is now reduced to 2.0 (below the replacement level of 2.1).

According to the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4; 2015-16) the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of India was 2.2 which was at 2.7 in NFHS-3 (2005-06). The TFR of the country declined to 2.2 in 2018 (SRS) and as per NFHS- 5 (2019-21) it is now reduced to 2.0 (below the replacement level of 2.1).

As per Census 2011, India's Total Fertility Rate (TFR) was 2.4. The TFR of the country declined to 2.2 in 2018 (SRS) and as per NFHS-5 (2019-21) it is now reduced to 2.0 (below the replacement level of 2.1).