India : Population (Part – VII)

Total Questions: 47

11. According to the UNICEF report, the highest child mortality rate is in: [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]

(a) Bihar
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Odisha

Correct Answer: (d) Odisha

Solution:According to then UNICEF report, Odisha had the highest child mortality rate (75 per 1000 live births). As per the latest SRS Bulletin (May, 2022), the States with the highest infant mortality rate in the year 2020 are: Madhya Pradesh (43), Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh (38 each), Odisha and Assam (36 each).

12. Assertion (A): According to statistics, more female children are born each year than male children in India. Reason (R): In India, the death rate of a male child is higher than that of the female child. [I.A.S. (Pre) 1999]

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true

Correct Answer: (d) (A) is false, but (R) is true

Solution:It is clear from the Census data of India that more male children are born each year than female children. Again, the infant mortality rate among boys is higher than girls. Hence the Assertion is false, while the Reason is true.

13. Which Indian State has the highest percentage of children suffering from malnutrition? [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2013]

(a) Bihar
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Jharkhand

Correct Answer: (b) Madhya Pradesh

Solution:According to the assessment of the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation of the year 2011, Madhya Pradesh had the highest percentage of malnourished children in India. Here 60 percent of children were affected by malnutrition. Apart from this, 56.5 percent children in Jharkhand and 55.9 percent of children in Bihar were malnourished.

14. Which of the following ministries/organizations has re- leased 'Youth in India Report, 2022"? [B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re.Exam) 2022]

(a) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
(b) Population Foundation of India
(c) Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI)
(d) United Nations Population Fund (UNPF)
(e) None of the above / More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (c) Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI)

Solution:The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI) has released 'Youth in India 2022' Report. Citing the findings from the Report of Technical Group on Popula- tion Projections, 2020, constituted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, this report said youth in the age group of 15-29 years comprise 27.2 percent of the population for 2021. Proportion of youth to the total population had in- creased from 26.6 percent in 1991 to 27.9 percent in 2016 and then projected to start a downward trend and reach 22.7 percent by 2036. On the contrary, the proportion of elderly population to the total population has increased from 6.8% in 1991 to 9.2% in 2016 and is projected to reach 14.9% in 2036. The states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, which experienced a rise in proportion of youth population to total population till 2021, are expected to see a decline from hereon.

15. The Census Projection Report shows that India is one of the youngest nation in the world. In year 2020, the aver- age age of Indians will be of: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]

(a) 27 years
(b) 28 years
(c) 29 years
(d) 30 years

Correct Answer: (c) 29 years

Solution:In the Economic Survey 2013-14, it was estimated that the average age of Indian population in the year 2020 would be 29 years. As per the National Health Profile, 2022 the median age in India is estimated at 28.4 in 2021 and 30.27 in 2026.

16. According to the 1991 Census, the highest percentage of population in India is to be found in the age-group of: [I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]

(a) 60 years and above
(b) 35 to 55 years
(c) 25 to 34 years
(d) 5 to 14 years

Correct Answer: (d) 5 to 14 years

Solution:As per the question period, option (d) was the correct answer. Whereas, according to NFHS-5 (2019-21) data, the percentage of population in the age group of 0-14 years (un- der 15 years), 15-59 years and 60 years and older are 27%, 61% and 12%, respectively.

17. According to Census 2011, what percentage of total population in India is under 14 years? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]

(a) 29%
(b) 30%
(c) 31%
(d) 32%

Correct Answer: (a) 29%

Solution:According to the final figures of Census 2011, the total population of India is 1210854977, in which the total population of 0-13 years age group is 347185947. Therefore, the population under 14 years (0-13 years) in India is about 29 percent (28.67) of the total population.

18. The percentage of the population in the age group 20 years and above out of the total population of India as per 2011 Census is: [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]

(a) 59.29%
(b) 60.81%
(c) 61.05%
(d) 62.17%

Correct Answer: (a) 59.29%

Solution:

As per Census 2011, the percentage of people aged 20 years and above is about 59.29 percent of the total population of India.

19. According to the provisional figures of Census 2011, what percentage of population is below the age of 35 years in India? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]

(a) 45%
(b) 55%
(c) 65%
(d) 75%

Correct Answer: (c) 65%

Solution:As per provisional figures of Census 2011, 65 percent of India's population was under 35 years of age (0-34 years). According to final figures of Census 2011, the population below 35 years of age is 65.6 percent of the total population.

20. The old age dependency ratio in India (2011) is: [U.P.P.C.S (Mains) 2016]

(a) 14.0%
(b) 14.1%
(c) 14.28
(d) 14.3%

Correct Answer: (c) 14.28

Solution:The approximate percentage of persons over 65 years of age in India's population was about 5% in the year 2005. As per Census 2011, 65 plus age group population in the total population is about 4.8 percent.

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