Indian History and World History (Part-15)

1. Ibn Batuta was a traveller from Morocco.
2. Muhammad bin-Tughlaq was impressed by his scholarship and appointed Ibn Batuta the qazi or judge of Delhi.
3. He was ordered in 1342 to proceed to China as the Sultan’s envoy to the Mongol ruler.

1. Ibn Batuta was a traveller from Morocco.
2. Muhammad bin-Tughlaq was impressed by his scholarship and appointed Ibn Batuta the qazi or judge of Delhi.
3. He was ordered in 1342 to proceed to China as the Sultan’s envoy to the Mongol ruler.

4. Ibn Battuta wrote detailed accounts of the Sultanate in his travelogue, “Rihla”, giving valuable insights into:

   • The administration of Muhammad bin Tughlaq

   • The court life and wealth of Delhi

   • The Sultan’s unpredictable behavior and ambitious policies

   • Social, cultural, and economic conditions of India

1. Ibn Batuta was a traveller from Morocco.
2. Muhammad bin-Tughlaq was impressed by his scholarship and appointed Ibn Batuta the qazi or judge of Delhi.
3. He was ordered in 1342 to proceed to China as the Sultan’s envoy to the Mongol ruler.

4. Ibn Battuta wrote detailed accounts of the Sultanate in his travelogue, “Rihla”, giving valuable insights into:

   • The administration of Muhammad bin Tughlaq

   • The court life and wealth of Delhi

   • The Sultan’s unpredictable behavior and ambitious policies

   • Social, cultural, and economic conditions of India

1. Ibn Batuta was a traveller from Morocco.
2. Muhammad bin-Tughlaq was impressed by his scholarship and appointed Ibn Batuta the qazi or judge of Delhi.
3. He was ordered in 1342 to proceed to China as the Sultan’s envoy to the Mongol ruler.

4. Ibn Battuta wrote detailed accounts of the Sultanate in his travelogue, “Rihla”, giving valuable insights into:

   • The administration of Muhammad bin Tughlaq

   • The court life and wealth of Delhi

   • The Sultan’s unpredictable behavior and ambitious policies

   • Social, cultural, and economic conditions of India

1. Ibn Batuta was a traveller from Morocco.
2. Muhammad bin-Tughlaq was impressed by his scholarship and appointed Ibn Batuta the qazi or judge of Delhi.
3. He was ordered in 1342 to proceed to China as the Sultan’s envoy to the Mongol ruler.

4. Ibn Battuta wrote detailed accounts of the Sultanate in his travelogue, “Rihla”, giving valuable insights into:

   • The administration of Muhammad bin Tughlaq

   • The court life and wealth of Delhi

   • The Sultan’s unpredictable behavior and ambitious policies

   • Social, cultural, and economic conditions of India

He made several cities like

1. Fatehabad,
2. Hissar,
3. Jaunpur,
4. and Firozabad.

Firoz Shah was the third ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty and he reigned from 1351 to 1388.

Dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526)

Brief Description of Each Dynasty

1. Mamluk Dynasty (Slave Dynasty)

• First dynasty of the Sultanate.

• Rulers were former slaves of Muhammad Ghori.

• Famous ruler: Iltutmish (introduced Iqta system, consolidated empire).

• Razia Sultana: First and only woman ruler of Delhi Sultanate.

2. Khilji Dynasty

• Known for military expansion and market reforms.

• Most notable ruler: Alauddin Khilji

  • Conquered South India.

  • Introduced price control, market reforms, and a strong spy system.

3. Tughlaq Dynasty

• Known for ambitious experiments and reforms.

• Muhammad bin Tughlaq: Moved capital to Daulatabad, introduced token currency.

• Firoz Shah Tughlaq: Built canals, promoted education, and founded new cities.

4. Sayyid Dynasty

• Weak and short-lived.

• Established after Timur’s invasion.

• Dependent on nobles and Afghan chieftains.

5. Lodi Dynasty

• Last dynasty of the Sultanate.

• Ruled by Afghan nobles.

• Famous ruler: Sikandar Lodi (promoted agriculture and administration).

• Defeated by Babur in the First Battle of Panipat (1526), marking the rise of the Mughal Empire.