Indian History and World History (Part-2)

In the Rigveda there is a hymn in the form of a dialogue between the sage Vishvamitra and the rivers Beas and Sutlej, which are considered deities. Some Rig Vedic chants take the form of dialogues. This is part of one such hymn, a dialogue between a sage named Vishvamitra and the two rivers, Beas and Sutlej, who are worshiped as gods.

Muvendavelan was NOT a type of sacrifice performed by kings in ancient India to seek legitimacy. Instead, Muvendavelan was a famous military officer of the Chola Empire, known for his generous donation to the numerous temples where he had been deployed by the king.

The Vedic civilization is the earliest in the history of ancient India. It is named after the Vedas, the early literature of the Hindu people. The Vedic Civilization flourished along the river Saraswati, in a region that now consists of the modern Indian states of Haryana and Punjab. The Vedic age is the period considered to be between 1500 BC to 500 BC.

The three Vedas are jointly called vedatrayi are Rig veda, Samaveda and Yajurveda.
There are four Vedas in total; Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda. Atharva Veda is the latest of all the four Vedas and did not exist when Vedatrayi was introduced. Hence, Atharva Veda is not a part of Vedatrayi.

The Upanishads, along with Brahmasutra and Bhagavad Gita, are referred to as Vedanta or Departures.
The Upanishads are known to be the last Source of the Shrutis in Hinduism associated with Vedas. Upanishads are considered to be the important sources of Indian philosophy and, it deals with the knowledge of Brahma, Jiva and Jagat.

The most ancient documents like Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas, and Dharmasutras are written in the Sanskrit language.

‘Purusha Sukta’ is a hymn of Rigveda. In the 10th Mandala of the Rigveda, Purusha Sukta is concerned with marriage ceremonies.

The Samaveda deals with music. It is a collection of verses. The Samaveda is mainly drawn from the Rig veda.

There are four Vedas: the Rig Veda, the Sama Veda, the Yajur Veda and the Atharva Veda. From these, the Rig Veda is the earliest and was composed about 3500 years ago.

The Upanishads are a collection of texts of religious and philosophical nature, written in India probably between 800 BCE and 500 BCE, during a time when Indian society started to question the traditional Vedic religious order.