Indian History and World History (Part-24)

1. With reference to Medieval India, which of the following pairs is correct? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 5.08.2019 (Shift-III)]

(a) Marco Polo - Morocco
(b) Alberuni Turkish
(c) François Bernier - Spain
(d) Duarte Barbosa Portugal

Correct Answer: (d) Duarte Barbosa Portugal

Solution:Duarte Barbosa was a Portuguese writer who wrote about the contemporary trade and society in south India. He was a Christian pastor and scrivener in a feitoria in Kochi. His Book is one of the earliest examples of Portuguese travel literature.

2. The medieval traveller Marco Polo was from: [S.S.C. Online CPO S.I. (T-I) 23.11.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) Istanbul
(b) Zurich
(c) Venice
(d) Paris

Correct Answer: (c) Venice

Solution:Marco Polo, born in 1254, in Venice, Italy. He was a Venetian merchant and adventurer who travelled from Europe to Asia in 1271-95. During this period, he remained in China for 17 years. 'Travels of Marco Polo' is classic travel literature written by Marco Polo.

3. Which of the following Monument-Location pair is correct? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 16.08.2019 (Shift-III)]

(a) Alai Darwaza - Thanjavur
(b) Taj Mahal Meerut
(c) Golconda Fort- Hyderabad
(d) Red Fort Jaipur

Correct Answer: (c) Golconda Fort- Hyderabad

Solution:Golconda Fort is located in the western part of Hyderabad city and is about 9 km from Hussain Sagar Lake. The outer fort occupies an area of three square kilometers, which is 4.8 kilometers in length.

4. Which state of India was ruled by the Ahom Dynasty? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 13.06.2019 (Shift-II)]

(a) Assam
(b) Karnataka
(c) Odisha
(d) Rajasthan

Correct Answer: (a) Assam

Solution:The Ahom dynasty (1228-1826) ruled the Ahom Kingdom in present-day Assam, India for nearly 598 years. The founder of the Ahom dynasty was Sukhapaa who came from Mong Mao. Mong Mao was a small medieval state located on present-day Myanmar-China border. The rule of the dynasty ended during the Burmese invasion of Assam in 1826.

5. In which year did the Mongols under Genghis Khan invade Transoxiana in North-East Iran? [S.S.C. Online MTS (T-I) 07.07.2022 (Shift-III)]

(a) 1219
(b) 1208
(c) 1213
(d) 1205

Correct Answer: (a) 1219

Solution:The Mongols under Genghis Khan invaded Transox- iana (present-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and parts of Turkmenistan) in 1219.

6. When defeat was certain, men engaged in a ritual called 'Shake' (or 'sake') which was the last fight from which there was no return. [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 19.06.2019 (Shift-III)]

(a) Maratha
(b) Sikh
(c) Mughal
(d) Rajput

Correct Answer: (d) Rajput

Solution:When defeat was certain, Rajput men engaged in a ritual called 'Shake' (or 'sake') which was the last fight from which there was no return.

7. In which year was the Nahargarh Fort in Jaipur built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 5.03.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) 1780
(b) 1800
(c) 1805
(d) 1734

Correct Answer: (d) 1734

Solution:In 1734, the Nahargarh Fort was built in Jaipur by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II. He was the ruler of the Amber kingdom. He founded Jaipur city and made it his capital.

8. Which of the following is the meaning of 'Pish- taq' in the context of medieval Indo-Islamic architecture? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 16.08.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Dome
(b) True arch
(c) Water tank
(d) Tall gateway

Correct Answer: (d) Tall gateway

Solution:In the context of medieval Indo-Islamic architecture, "Pishtaq" meant Tall Gayteway. The central towering dome and the tall gateway (pishtaq) became important aspects of Mughal architecture, first visible in Humayun's tomb

9. Who among the following foreign travellers is NOT correctly matched with the irrespective country they hail from? [S.S.C. Online C.H.S.L. (T-I) 12.08.2021 (Shift-III)]

(a) Marco Polo - Italy
(b) Al-Biruni Uzbekistan
(c) Peter Mundy - China
(d) Ibn Battuta Morocco

Correct Answer: (c) Peter Mundy - China

Solution:Peter Mundy was an English trader who came to India during the early seventeenth century. He has described the Banjaras in his writings. Thus, Peter Mundy, was an English trader who came to India in the 17th century.

10. Who among the following is regarded as the founder of Aurangabad city? [SS.C. Online M.T.S. (T-I) 26.10.2021 (Shift-I)]

(a) Nizam Shah
(b) Malik Ambar
(c) Bahlul Lodi
(d) Qutub Shah

Correct Answer: (b) Malik Ambar

Solution:Malik Amber founded Aurangabad City (Anbar) in 1610. The city, was originally known as Khadki. After the fall of the Nizam Shahi dynasty in 1633, the city came under the Mughal rule. It was later renamed Aurangabad after it became the headquarters of Aurangzeb during his viceroyalty over the Deccan.