Indian History and World History (Part-23)

1. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (1674-1680) was the ruler of which dynasty? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 30.01.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Nanda
(b) Haryanka
(c) Maurya
(d) Maratha

Correct Answer: (d) Maratha

Solution:Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (1630-1680) was a Maratha aristocrat of the Bhosale clan who is considered to have been the founder of the Maratha empire. Shivaji assumed the title of Chhatrapati after his coronation at a place called Raigarh in 1674.

2. In which year, Shivaji was crowned as Chhatra - pati? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 20.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) 1608
(b) 1646
(c) 1674
(d) 1710

Correct Answer: (c) 1674

3. At which place Raja Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire was conferred with the title of 'Chhatrapati'? [S.S.C. Online Constable GD 2.03.2019 (Shift-II)]

(a) Satara
(b) Jinji
(c) Pune
(d) Raigarh

Correct Answer: (d) Raigarh

4. Chhatrapati Sambhaji (1680-1688) was the ruler of which dynasty? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 1.02.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Maratha
(b) Nanda
(c) Haryanka
(d) Maurya

Correct Answer: (a) Maratha

Solution:Chhatrapati Sambhaji was the Maratha ruler (1680- 1688). He was the eldest son of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and Maharani Saibai.

5. Who pioneered the guerrilla warfare methods? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 22.01.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Babur
(b) Akbar
(c) Shivaji
(d) Bajirao Peshwa

Correct Answer: (c) Shivaji

Solution:Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj is known to have been the first to use guerrilla warfare in India that included tactics like laying ambush, sabotage carrying-out, raids and hit-and-run stactics. He started guerrilla warfare against the Mughals and other powers in 1645 leading to founder of the Maratha state in 1674, sowing seeds of what would subsequently become the Maratha empire.

6. Which of the following pairs is associated with the taxation system of the Marathas? [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 6.03.2020 (Shift-II)]

(a) Chauth and Sardeshmukhi
(b) Zat and Sawar
(c) Iqta and Jagir
(d) Polaj and Parauti

Correct Answer: (a) Chauth and Sardeshmukhi

Solution:Chauth and Sardeshmukh were associated with the taxation system of the Marathas. Chauth was a daily tax or tribute levied by the Maratha rulers, from the beginning of the 18th century. This was a nominally levied annual tax on profits or output at 25 percent. It was levied on the lands that were under Mughal control. The sardeshmukh was a tax 10% more than the Chauth. It was instituted by Koli Maharaja Som Shah of Ramnagar.

7. The Council of Ministers during the time of Shivaji Maharaj was known as: [S.S.C. Online Graduate Level (T-I) 7.03.2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) Ashta Diggajas
(b) Navaratnas
(c) Agraharam
(d) Ashta Pradhan

Correct Answer: (d) Ashta Pradhan

Solution:The Council of Ministers during the time of Shivaji Maharaj was known as Ashta Pradhan. The translation of Ashta Pradhan in English is "Council of Eight". It was an administrative and advisory council. It is said that this council contributed to the military attacks on the Muslim Mughal Empire by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.

8. Who are credited to a large extent for ending the Mughal rule in India? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 29.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

(a) Mauryas
(b) Cholas
(c) Guptas
(d) Marathas

Correct Answer: (d) Marathas

Solution:The Marathas are credited to a large extent for ending the Mughal rule in India. The Maratha Empire existed from 1647 to 1818.

9. Who among of the following was called the "Fighter Peshwa"? [S.S.C. Online Stenographer 13.09.2017 (Shift-I)]

(a) Bajirao I
(b) Bajirao II
(c) Balaji Bajirao
(d) Balaji Vishwanath

Correct Answer: (a) Bajirao I

Solution:Bajirao I was known as the Fighter Peshwa. Baji Rao was a general of the Maratha Empire in India. He served as Peshwa (Prime Minister) to the fifth Maratha Chhatrapati (Emperor) Shahu from 1720 until his death. He is also known by the name Bajirao Ballal

10. Bajirao I (1720-1740) was the ruler of which dynasty? [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 23.01.2017 (Shift-III)]

(a) Nanda
(b) Peshwas
(c) Haryanka
(d) Maurya

Correct Answer: (b) Peshwas

Solution:Baji Rao (18 August 1700-28 April 1740) was a general of the Maratha Empire in India. He served as Peshwa (General) to the fifth Maratha Chhatrapati (Emperor) Shahu from 1720 until his death in 1740. He is also known as Bajirao Ballal.