Indian History and World History (Part-3)

The ancient Buddhist scriptures were written in Pali language. Buddhist literature mainly consists of a collection of teachings of Lord Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.

The rules for the Buddhist sangha were compiled in a book called the Vinaya pitaka, while the Sutta Pitaka (religious principles) and Abhidhamma Pitaka (philosophical principles) are important in Buddhist texts.

Sarnath Buddhist site is located in Uttar Pradesh. Buddha gave his first sermon to five Brahmin monks at Sarnath. This first sermon is called ‘Dharmachakrapravartan’.

The teachings of Gautam Buddha are mainly compiled in the ‘Sutta Pitaka’. The rules of order for Buddhists are found in the Vinaya Pitaka and the law of Buddhist philosophy is mentioned in the Abhidhamma Pitaka. Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka are also called Tripitaka.

The holy book of Buddhism is Tripitaka. After the death of Buddha, his teachings were compiled and divided into three parts. These are called Tripitaka. These three are the Vinaya Pitaka (the rules of association and teachings of conduct), the Sutta Pitaka (religious principles) and the Abhidhamma (philosophical principles).

The holy book of Buddhism is Tripitaka. After the death of Buddha, his teachings were compiled and divided into three parts. These are called Tripitaka. These three are the Vinaya Pitaka (the rules of association and teachings of conduct), the Sutta Pitaka (religious principles) and the Abhidhamma (philosophical principles).

The ‘Pali Canon’ written in the 5th century BC is the original text of Buddhism. It is the standard collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition.

Nalanda was the ancient educational institution of Buddhism. Nalanda is currently located in the state of Bihar. There exist the remains of the oldest Nalanda University of Nalanda in India, where students from distant countries came to study.

Gautama Buddha gave his first sermon at Sarnath. Gautama Buddha gave his first sermon to the five monks called the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta. In his first sermon, the Buddha said, "I teach one thing and one thing only: suffering and the end of suffering," which is the ultimate goal of Buddhism.

The First Council was held by king Ajatashatru with the monk Mahakasyapa Upali at Rajagirha.
The Second Council was held by king Kalashoka with Sabakami at Vaishali.
The Third Council was held by Ashoka with monk Moggaliputta Tissa at Pataliputra.
The Fourth Council was held by king Kanishka with the monks Ashvaghosha and Vasumitra at Kundalavana in Kashmir.