Indian History and World History (Part-34)

Women Presidents of the Indian National Congress

1. Annie Besant

   • Year: 1917

   • Session: Calcutta (now Kolkata)

   • First woman president of the INC

   • British-born; also led the Home Rule Movement

2. Sarojini Naidu

   • Year: 1925

   • Session: Kanpur

   • First Indian woman president of the INC

   • Known as the Nightingale of India; prominent poet and freedom fighter

3. Nellie Sengupta

   • Year: 1933

   • Session: Calcutta (Kolkata)

   • Elected when most senior Congress leaders were in jail

Women Presidents of the Indian National Congress

1. Annie Besant

   • Year: 1917

   • Session: Calcutta (now Kolkata)

   • First woman president of the INC

   • British-born; also led the Home Rule Movement

2. Sarojini Naidu

   • Year: 1925

   • Session: Kanpur

   • First Indian woman president of the INC

   • Known as the Nightingale of India; prominent poet and freedom fighter

3. Nellie Sengupta

   • Year: 1933

   • Session: Calcutta (Kolkata)

   • Elected when most senior Congress leaders were in jail

Women Presidents of the Indian National Congress

1. Annie Besant

   • Year: 1917

   • Session: Calcutta (now Kolkata)

   • First woman president of the INC

   • British-born; also led the Home Rule Movement

2. Sarojini Naidu

   • Year: 1925

   • Session: Kanpur

   • First Indian woman president of the INC

   • Known as the Nightingale of India; prominent poet and freedom fighter

3. Nellie Sengupta

   • Year: 1933

   • Session: Calcutta (Kolkata)

   • Elected when most senior Congress leaders were in jail

Women Presidents of the Indian National Congress

1. Annie Besant

   • Year: 1917

   • Session: Calcutta (now Kolkata)

   • First woman president of the INC

   • British-born; also led the Home Rule Movement

2. Sarojini Naidu

   • Year: 1925

   • Session: Kanpur

   • First Indian woman president of the INC

   • Known as the Nightingale of India; prominent poet and freedom fighter

3. Nellie Sengupta

   • Year: 1933

   • Session: Calcutta (Kolkata)

   • Elected when most senior Congress leaders were in jail

Through this discussion, a future constitution for British India was to be prepared.

89 delegates participated in this conference, but Congress did not participate. The Christians in this conference were represented by KT Paul.

The conference was inaugurated by the British monarch and presided over by British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald.

The Round Table Conferences were a series of three official meetings organized by the British Government in London to discuss constitutional reforms in India.

1. First Round Table Conference (1930)

   • Held in London (Nov 1930 – Jan 1931)

   • Congress boycotted it

   • No major outcome

2. Second Round Table Conference (1931)

   • Held in London (Sept – Dec 1931)

   • Gandhi attended as Congress representative

   • Disagreements over minority rights

   • Ended in failure

3. Third Round Table Conference (1932)

   • Held in London (Nov – Dec 1932)

   • Congress absent again

   • Few Indian leaders attended

   • Resulted in the Government of India Act, 1935

The conference lasted from 7 September 1931 to 1 December 1931 in London. Gandhiji participated in it as the sole representative of the Congress, but due to deadlocks, the conference was declared over on 1 December and Gandhiji had to return empty-handed.

The conference lasted from 7 September 1931 to 1 December 1931 in London. Gandhiji participated in it as the sole representative of the Congress, but due to deadlocks, the conference was declared over on 1 December and Gandhiji had to return empty-handed.

1. Third Round Table Conference (1932)

   • Held in London (Nov – Dec 1932)

   • Congress absent again

   • Few Indian leaders attended

   • Resulted in the Government of India Act, 1935

In retaliation the demonstrators attacked and set fire to a police station, killing all of its occupant. The incident led to the deaths of three civilians and 23 policemen.

Due to this incident, Mahatma Gandhi withdrew from the non-cooperation movement.