Indian History and World History (Part-7)

Gupta Period 

Total Questions: 23

21. ________ was a philosopher and theologian from India during early 8th century who consolidated the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta. [S.S.C. Online CHSL (T-I) 25.01.2017 (Shift-II)]

Correct Answer: (a) Adi Shankara
Solution:The name Shankaracharya is foremost among the philosophers and religious thinkers ancient India. He was born in 788 AD in a village called Kaladi in Kerala.

The doctrine of Shankaracharya is known as Advaita. It is very close to the Upanishads. The four monasteries established by Shankaracharya are considered to be the guides of Hinduism even today.

Their locations are as follows-

(1) Sringeri (Karnataka) - in the south,

(2) Dwarka (Gujarat) - in the west,

(3) Puri (Odisha) - in the east and

(4) Jyotirmath (Joshimath, Uttarakhand) - in the north.

22. Who among the following wrote the basic text of Vaisheshika philosophy? [S.S.C. Online CGL (T-I) 17.08.2021 (Shift-I)]

Correct Answer: (c) Kanada
Solution:Kanada wrote the original text of Vaisheshik philosophy. This was Indian philosophy. It was an independent physicist’s philosophy.
Philosophy (Darshana)Founder / Key ProponentKey Concepts
NyayaGautama (Akshapada)Logic, inference, epistemology
VaisheshikaKanadaAtomism, categories of existence
SankhyaKapilaDualism of Purusha (soul) and Prakriti (matter)
YogaPatanjaliDiscipline, 8-fold path (Ashtanga Yoga)
Purva MimamsaJaiminiRituals, Vedic interpretation
Vedanta (Uttara Mimamsa)Badarayana (Vyasa)Brahman, Atman, liberation (moksha)

23. Who among the following was associated with Vaisheshika School of Philosophy? [S.S.C. Online CPO S.I. (T-I) 23.11.2020 (Shift-I)]

Correct Answer: (c) Kanada
Solution:The Sanskrit philosopher Kanada Kashyapa (2nd-3rd century) expounded its theories and is credited with founding the school. Vaisheshika is one of the six systems (darshans) of Indian philosophy, significant for its naturalism.
Philosophy (Darshana)Founder / Key ProponentKey Concepts
NyayaGautama (Akshapada)Logic, inference, epistemology
VaisheshikaKanadaAtomism, categories of existence
SankhyaKapilaDualism of Purusha (soul) and Prakriti (matter)
YogaPatanjaliDiscipline, 8-fold path (Ashtanga Yoga)
Purva MimamsaJaiminiRituals, Vedic interpretation
Vedanta (Uttara Mimamsa)Badarayana (Vyasa)Brahman, Atman, liberation (moksha)