Indian National Movement (Part-I)

Total Questions: 50

11. B.R. Ambedkar was elected to the Constituent Assembly from: [1996]

Correct Answer: (a) West Bengal
Solution:He was a resident of Bombay Presidency, but was elected to Constituent Assembly from WB.
Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, also known as the “Architect of the Indian Constitution,” was a pioneering leader, social reformer, and champion of Dalit rights. Born into a Dalit “untouchable” family, Ambedkar overcame immense social discrimination to become one of the most educated Indians of his time, earning doctorates in law and economics.
His contributions span across drafting the Indian Constitution, advocating for the rights of marginalized communities, and fighting tirelessly to end untouchability. As India's first Law Minister, he introduced reforms promoting social justice and equality. His legacy continues to inspire movements for equality and justice in India and beyond..

12. The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act (1919) was popularly known as the: [1996]

Correct Answer: (a) Rowlatt Act
Solution:The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act (1919) was popularly known as the Rowlatt Act. Gandhi ji called it a Black act.
The British government was concerned about the threat of terrorism and revolutionary activity, and the Rowlatt Act was seen as a way to suppress these threats. The Rowlatt Act had a number of features that were widely criticized by Indians.
  • The draconian Act suspended basic civil liberties.
  • It enabled detention without trial for up to 2 years of purported political agitators.
  • No appeal was allowed against such administrative detention.
  • It authorised camera trials without juries for sedition cases, severely compromising judicial transparency and fairness.
  • Tighter censorship, control of extremist publications and restrictions on public gatherings were introduced.

13. The meeting of Indian and British political leaders during 1930-32 in London has often been referred to as the First, Second and Third Round Table Conferences. It would be incorrect to refer to them as such because: [1996]

Correct Answer: (d) It was an instance of a conference held in three session and not that of three separate conference
Solution:First round table conference was initially between the British and the Indian as equals. The INC did not participated in the first and third conference.
Round Table Conferences: The Simon Commission report (1930) was published in the midst of government repression and the intensification of the civil disobedience movement, and there was no suggestion that India might be granted dominion status. As a result, even the most moderate Indian political opinion turned against the British. The Viceroy then extended an invitation to a Round Table Conference and stated that the award of Dominion Status would be discussed. Between 1930 and 1932, the British government convened a series of round table conferences to discuss India's future government.

14. Who among the following was a prominent leader of the Congress Socialist Party? [1996]

Correct Answer: (d) Acharya Narendra Dev
Solution:

Congress Socialist Party was established in 1934 by the efforts of Acharya Narayan Deo, J.P. Narayan, Ram Manohar Lohiya and Yusuf Meherally within the Indian National Congress (INC) to develop a classless society with an equitable distribution of resources.
The first Conference of the Congress Socialist Party was convened at Patna, presided over by Acharya Narendra Deo. In the first annual session of the All India Congress Socialist Party, they adopted the party constitution outlining the programme of action.

Congress Socialist Party organised movements for peasants and workers, resulting in the adoption of various programmes for their upliftment by the INC.
The Congress Socialist Party also differed from the Communist Party of India in its ideology and political orientation.

15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer: [1996]

List-I List-II 
A. Surendranath Banerjee1. Hind Swaraj
B. M.K. Gandhi2. The Indian Struggle
C. Subhash Chandra Bose3. Autobiographical
D. Lajpat Rai4. A Nation in Making

Codes:

ABCD
(a)4132
(b)1432
(c)4123
(d)1423

 

Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:The correct matches of the following persons with their books are given below:
PersonsBooks
Surendranath BanerjeeA Nation in Making
M.K. GandhiHind Swaraj
Subhash Chandra BoseThe Indian Struggle
Lajpat RaiAutobiographical Writings

16. Consider the following statements about Jawaharlal Nehru: [1996]

1. He was the president of the Congress Party in 1947

2. He presided over the Constituent Assembly

3. He formed the first Congress ministry in United Province before India's independence Of these statements:

Correct Answer: (d) none is correct
Solution:Acharya JB Kriplani was the president of the Congress Party in 1947. Dr Rajendra Prasad presided over the Constituent Assembly. GB Pant formed the first Congress ministry in United Province before India attained independence.
  • Jawaharlal Nehru played a pivotal role in India’s freedom struggle, emerging as a prominent leader under Mahatma Gandhi’s mentorship.
  • He was deeply involved in the Non-Cooperation Movement and later became a central figure in the Civil Disobedience Movement and the Quit India Movement.
  • As the first President of the Indian National Congress in 1929, Nehru demanded complete independence (Purna Swaraj) and hoisted the tricolour flag on the banks of the Ravi River.
  • His international outlook helped garner global support for India’s cause, and his vision for a modern, secular, and socialist India laid the foundation for the nation’s post-independence governance.

17. Which one of the following is not correct' about the Cabinet Mission Plan? [1996]

Correct Answer: (c) Acceptance of Pakistan
Solution:Cabinet mission proposed a rejection of the demand for a full fledged Pakistan because the Pakistan so formed would include large non-muslim population 38% in the N-W and 48% in the N-E.

About Cabinet Mission Plan (1946)

  • The Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946 marked a pivotal chapter in India’s journey toward independence.
  • The British Government’s final attempt was to transfer power to Indian hands while ensuring a peaceful exit.
  • Sent by British Prime Minister Clement Attlee in February 1946, the mission arrived in March to address the complex political demands of Indian stakeholders and devise a framework for an independent India.
  • The mission comprised three distinguished members: Pethick Lawrence, Secretary of State for India; Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade; and A.V. Alexander, First Lord of Admiralty.
  • By this time, Britain had resolved to leave India as soon as possible, realising that a swift and orderly withdrawal would better serve the imperial interests.

18. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer: [1996]

List-I List-II 
A. Abhinav Bharat Society1. Sri Aurobindo Ghosh
B. Anushilan Samiti2. Lala Hardayal
C. Gadar Party3. C.R. Das
D. Swaraj Party4. V.D. Savarkar

Codes:

ABCD
(a)4132
(b)1432
(c)1423
(d)4123

 

Correct Answer: (d)
Solution:Abhinav Bharat 1904; Anushilan Samiti - 1906; Gadar Party-1913; Swaraj Party - 1906
  • Abhinav Bharat Society was a secret society founded by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and his brother Ganesh Damodar Savarkar in 1904.
  • Anushilan Samiti was a Bengali Indian organisation that existed in the first quarter of the twentieth century and propounded revolutionary violence as the means for ending British rule in India. It was founded by Satish Chandra Basu.
  • By 1902, Calcutta had three societies working under the umbrella of Anushilan Samiti. One was founded by Calcutta student Satish Chandra Basu with the patronage of Calcutta barrister Pramatha Mitra; another was led by Bengali woman Sarala Devi; and the third was founded by Jatindranath Bannerjee and Aurobindo Ghosh.
  • The Ghadar Party, initially the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association, was formed in 1913 in the United States but before a decision to create headquarter at Yugantar Ashram in San Francisco was taken at a meeting in Canada under the leadership of Har Dayal, Sant Baba Wasakha Singh Dadehar.
  • Swaraj Party was formed by Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das and was named as Congress-Khilaft Swarajya Party in 1922. It also claimed to be an integral part of the Congress and professes its adherence to Non-Violence Non-Cooperation Movement and decided to boycott the legislatures.

19. Match List I with II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [1996]

List-I List-II 
A. 18831. Announcement of Communal Award from Whitehall
B. 19062. Formation of the All India State Peoples Conference
C. 19273. Foundation of Muslim League at Dacca
D. 19324. First session of National Conference at Calcutta

Codes:

ABCD
(a)4312
(b)3412
(c)4321
(d)3421

 

Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:First session of National Conference at Calcutta was organized in 1883, Muslim league was founded in 1906 at Dacca, the formation of All India States Peoples Conference was held in 1927 and the Communal Award from Whitehall was announced in 1932.

20. Consider the following statements: [1996]

The Non-Cooperation Movement led to:

1. Congress becoming a mass movement for the first time

2. Growth of Hindu-Muslims unity

3. Removal of fear of the British might from the minds of the people

4. British government's willingness to grant political concessions to Indians

Of these statements:

Correct Answer: (b) 2 and 3 are correct
Solution:Non Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Movement were launched in 1920. The two movements emerged from separate issues, but they adopted a common programme of action that of non-violent and non-cooperation. There was increasing Hindu-Muslim unity against the British.