Indian National Movement (Part-IV)

Total Questions: 43

11. The people of India agitated against the arrival of Simon Commission because [2013-1]

Correct Answer: (c) there was no Indian member in the Simon Commission
Solution:In November 1927, the British govt. appointed the Indian statutory commission, known popularly after the name of its chairman as the Simon Commission. All the members of the commission were Englishmen. This announcement was greeted with chorus of protest from all Indians. What angered them most was the exclusion of Indians from the commission and the basic notion behind this exclusion was that foreigners would discuss and decide upon India's fitness for Self- government.

12. Quit India Movement was launched in response to : [2013-1]

Correct Answer: (b) Cripps Proposals
Solution:The British Govt. sent a delegation to India under Sir Stafford Cripps, to negotiate with the Indian National Congress a deal to obtain total cooperation during the war, in return of progressive devolution and distribution of power from the Crown and the Viceroy to an elected Indian Legislature. The talks failed, as they did not address the key demand of a time table of self government and of definition of the powers to be relinquished, essentially making an offer of limited dominion status that was wholly unacceptable to the Indian movement.

13. The 1929 Session of Indian National Congress is of significance in the history of the Freedom Movement because the: [2014-1]

Correct Answer: (b) attainment of Poorna Swaraj was adopted as the goal of the Congress
Solution:

Lahore Congress Session 1929

• Jawaharlal Nehru was chosen as the President due to following reasons:
○ Because of the timing (Congress’ acceptance of complete independence as its goal), and
○ To recognize the surge of youth that had made the anti-Simon campaign a huge success
• The following major decisions were taken at the Lahore session:
○ The Round Table Conference was to be boycotted
○ Complete independence was declared as the aim of the Congress
○ Congress Working Committee was authorised to launch a programme of civil disobedience including non-payment of taxes and all members of legislatures were asked to resign their seats
○ January 26, 1930 was fixed as the first Independence (Swarajay) Day, to be celebrated everywhere
• At midnight on New Year’s Eve, President Jawaharlal Nehru hoisted the tricolour flag of India upon the banks of the Ravi in Lahore

14. With reference to the Cabinet Mission, which of the following statements is/are correct? [2015-1]

1. It recommended government a federal government.

2. It enlarged the powers of the Indian Courts.

3. It provided for more Indians in the ICS.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Correct Answer: (a) 1 only
Solution:Britain's Prime Minister Clement Attlee was announced the dispatch of the Mission of three Cabinet Ministers Pethic Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps, and A.V. Alexander. According to the proposals of the Cabinet Mission announced, the country could have a Federal government consisting of the Indian provinces and princely states.
Merits of Cabinet Mission Plan

• Balance Between Conflicting Demands: The plan attempted to balance the Congress’s demand for a unified India and the Muslim League’s demand for Pakistan.
• Rejection of Pakistan: The plan underscored the British intent to maintain India’s unity by rejecting the partition.
• Safeguards for Minorities: Decisions in the Constituent Assembly were to be made by a simple majority, with adequate safeguards for minority communities.
• Non-interference in Constitution-Making: The British Government pledged not to interfere in the constitution-making process, giving Indians full autonomy.
• Last Effort for Unity: The plan is often regarded as the British’s final major effort to preserve India’s unity and integrity.

15. Which one of the following movements has contributed to a split in the Indian National Congress resulting in the emergence of 'moderates' and 'extremists"? [2015-1]

Correct Answer: (a) Swadeshi Movement
Solution:Surat split is an important event in the modern history of India. It took place in 1907 when the moderates parted company with the Extremists. The split in the congress was due to many reasons. The Moderates had controlled the congress from its very beginning and had their own ways of thinking and doing which were not acceptable to the younger generations who were impatient with the speed at which the moderates were moving and leading the nation. This was the time of Swadeshi Movement.

16. With reference to Congress Socialist Party. consider the following statements: [2015-1]

1. It advocated the boycott of British goods and evasion of taxes.

2. It wanted to establish the dictatorship of proletariat.

3. Itadvocated separate electorate for minorities and oppressed classes.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (d) None
Solution:

Congress Socialist Party believed in equality, justice, and social welfare. They condemned Capitalism and the concentration of wealth in the hands of a few. Congress Socialist Party wanted the wealth to be distributed equitably. They also supported the idea of land redistribution. They aimed to create a classless society with equal access to resources and opportunities for everyone. Some of the other ideologies of the party include:
• They wanted to socialise key industries, such as cotton, steel, jute, railways, shipping, insurance, and public utilities, for progressive control of production, distribution, and exchange tools.
• They wanted the liquidation of debts owed by peasants and workers.
• They wanted the State to recognise the right to work.
• They insisted on ending landlordism through cooperative farming, reducing land revenue, and eliminating feudal levies for peasants.
• Advocating for freedom of trade unions, the right to strike, and better working conditions for workers, including insurance against unemployment, sickness, and accidents.
• Like the INC, the Congress Socialist Party aimed for independence from British rule but also sought to establish a socialist state post-independence.

17. With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/ are correct? [2015-1]

1. The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations of the 'Sedition Committee'.

2. In Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhiji tried to utilize the Home Rule League.

3. Demonstrations against the arrival of Simon Commission coincided with Rowlatt Satyagraha.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Correct Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only
Solution:TheRowlattcommitteewasa Sedition Committeeappointed in 1918 by the British Indian Government with Mr Justice Rowlatt, an English judge, as its president. The purpose of the committee was to evaluate political terrorismin India, especially Bengal and Punjab. In organizing his satyagraha Gandhi tried to utilize three types of political networks - The Home Rule Leagues, Certain pan islamist groups and a satyagraha sabha which he himself started in Bombay on 24 February.

18. Who of the following organized a march on the Tanjore coast to break the Salt Law in April 1930? [2015-1]

Correct Answer: (b) C. Rajagopalachari
Solution:Rajagopalachari organized a march from Trichinopoly to Vedaranniyam on the Tanjore coast to break the salt law in April 1930.
• Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, popularly referred to as Rajaji, was born on 10 December 1878 in Thorapalli, Tamil Nadu.
• Rajaji’s personal interaction with Gandhii in 1915 led him to give up his legal profession to be fully involved in the nation’s independence struggle.
• He participated in agitations launched by Gandhi, like the Non-Cooperation movement, the Vathsalya Sangham, and the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• For these activities, between 1920 and 1941, & 8s, a result of which he was jailed several times.
• Rajaji was elected to the Constituent Assembly from Madras on a Congress party ticket. In the Assembly, he intervened on the issues of religious freedom and citizenship.
• In 1954 he was conferred with the Bharat Ratna for his contribution to Indian politics and literature.

19. Consider the following statements [2015-1]

1. The first woman President of the Indian National Congress was Sarojini Naidu.

2. The first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress was Badruddin Tyabji.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only
Solution:Annie Besant was the first woman President of Indian National Congress. She presided over the 1917 Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress. Badruddin Tyabji was the "First Muslim" to become the "President of Indian National Congress".
  • Badruddin Tyabji worked hard for the education and jobs of Muslims in India. He knows education is important. He started many schools and colleges for Muslims. He also started many groups to help Muslims improve their
    business and jobs.
  • Badruddin Tyabji did not like the British rule in India. He demanded equal rights for Indians. He fought against British rule in peaceful and non-violent ways. He never supported violence. He started the Indian National
    Association to get more public support for the freedom struggle.
  • Badruddin Tyabji became the president of the Indian National Congress in 1887-88. During his time as president, he demanded that Indian members should also be part of the Viceroy's group. This demand created differences
    between the moderates and extremists in Congress. But he tried hard to keep the Congress united.

20. The 'Swadeshi' and 'Boycott' were adopted as methods of struggle for the first time during the: [2016-1]

Correct Answer: (a) agitation against the Partition of Bengal
Solution:The British Government's decision to partition Bengal had been made public in December 1903. (ii) The Swadeshi and Boycott Movement was an effort by Indian people to oppose British rule. It began when British officials separated the Bengal province, dividing it by Bengali, Hindi and Oriya languages and Muslim and Hindu religions. Indians responded by boycotting British products and using only Indian-made goods. (iii)Swadeshi and Boycott started against Partition of Bengal in 1905.