Industrial Sector (Part – V)

Total Questions: 32

1. HINDACO, an aluminium factory located at Renukoot owes its site basically to: [I.A.S (Pre) 2002]

Correct Answer: (b) abundant supply of electricity
Solution:Hindalco's Renukoot plant was commissioned in 1962 with initially one potline and a smelter of 20,000 tpa capacity. In 1967 Hindalco established a captive power plant at Renusagar (840 MW), the first captive power plant (CPP) for aluminium industry in India. This along with a co-generation power unit (84 MW) ensures continuous supply of power for the smelter and other operations. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

2. Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2022]

Aluninium PlantsLocation
(a) Bharat Aluminium Company Limited (BALCO)Korba
(b) Indian Aluminium Company Limited (INDAL)Hirkud
(c) Madras Aluminium Company Limited (MALCO)Chennai
(d) Hindustan Aluminium Corporation Limited (HINDALCO)Renukoor

 

Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:The Madras Aluminium Company Limited (MALCO) is situated at Mettur (Dist. Salem), Tamil Nadu, The other pairs are correctly matched. At present, INDAL is a part of HINDALCO.

Bharat Aluminium Company (BALCO) is an Indian company that produces aluminium. It has a history as a public sector undertaking (PSU) and has also been involved in various development initiatives within the Indian economy.

Indian Aluminium Company Limited (INDAL) is a major player in the Indian aluminium industry, part of the Aditya Birla Group and historically a subsidiary of Hindalco Industries. It's known for its vertically integrated operations, producing a range of aluminium products and speciality alumina chemicals.

The Madras Aluminium Company Limited (MALCO), incorporated in 1961, is an integrated aluminium producer in South India, with its operations encompassing mining, refining, smelting, and power generation. It is a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources. MALCO has its own bauxite mines in Tamil Nadu, specifically at Yercaud and Kolli Hills, and operates a captive power plant.

Hindustan Aluminium Corporation Limited (Hindalco), part of the Aditya Birla Group, is India's largest integrated primary aluminium and semi-fabricated products manufacturer. Established in 1958, Hindalco's headquarters are in Mumbai, and it is a global leader in aluminium and copper.

3. Which one of the following States enjoy ideal conditions for the development of petrochemical industries: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002*]

Correct Answer: (a) Gujarat
Solution:Gujarat's chemicals and petrochemicals industry is one of the fastest growing sectors in the State's economy and is the leader in the production of chemical and allied products in India.

Government support, world class infrastructure, strategic location, availability of skilled workforce and raw material makes Gujarat a preferred location for petrochemical industries.

Gujarat's chemical and petrochemical industry comprises of about 500 large and medium scale industrial units, about 16,000 of small scale industrial units and other factory units.

4. Assertion (A) : Coastal Gujarat has been called an industrial workshop. [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2001]

Reason (R) : It is dotted with manufacturing units of textiles and garments, pharmaceutical and petrochemicals.

Codes:

Correct Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Solution:Coastal Gujarat has been called an industrial workshop. In coastal Gujarat, cities like Porbandar, Jamnagar, Surat, Bhavnagar, Dwarka, Vadodara etc. are highly developed in terms of industries.

A large number of manufacturing plants of textiles and garments, pharmaceutical and petrochemicals etc. are located here. The discovery of oil and gas in Gujarat has played a vital role in setting up of petroleum refineries, fertilizer plants and petrochemical complexes in the coastal Gujarat. Hence, both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

5. Participation of laborers in management means: [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]

Correct Answer: (b) Participations in Policy-decision making.
Solution:Workers' participation in management refers to the participation of non-managerial employees in the decision- making process of the organization. Workers' participation gives employees the mental and psychological satisfaction and thereby increase their involvement in the affairs of the organization.

Workers' participation in management is the most accepted principle of industrial relations in modern industry throughout the world and in India too. In the words of Keith Davis "Participation is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages to contribute to group goals or objectives and share responsibilities."

6. Which of the following industrial towns is located on the Chota Nagpur Plateau? [B.P.S.C (Pre) 1994]

Correct Answer: (b) Ranchi
Solution:The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh.

Ranchi is one of the major industrial cities of Eastern India and located in the region called 'Ruhr of India' (Chota Nagpur) making it an ideal place for mineral based industries, where mainly HEC (Heavy Engineering Corporation), Steel Authority of India, MECON etc. have factories.

7. Dewas is famous for its: [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) Printing of currency notes
Solution:Dewas is a city in Madhya Pradesh. It is an industrial town and house the government's currency note printing press.

The name Dewas is derived from the Devi Vaishini hill in the city, commonly known as Tekri.

  • India has four currency note printing presses.
    The central government controls two of them - Nashik in Maharashtra (Western India) and Dewas in Madhya Pradesh (Central India).
    An RBI subsidiary, the Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran (P) Ltd controls the other two - at Mysuru in Karnataka and Salboni in West Bengal.
  • The paper currently being used for printing banknotes in India is made by using 100% cotton. The Reserve Bank has the sole authority to issue banknotes in India.

8. Consider the following factors regarding an industry: [I.A.S (Pre) 2001]

1. Capital investments

2. Business turnover

3. Labour force

4. Power consumption

Which of these determine the nature and size of the industry?

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 3 and 4
Solution:Capital investment, labour force and power consumption are main determinants of the nature and size of the industry. Tentative answer of the question is option (a). While at present, turnover is also considerable for the size and nature of an industry.
  • Capital Investment: The amount of capital invested in machinery, equipment, and infrastructure directly affects the scale and type of industry. Higher capital investment often leads to larger, more technologically advanced industries.
  • Labor Force: The size and skill level of the workforce determine the production capacity and type of industry. Industries can be labor-intensive, capital-intensive, or a combination of both, depending on the availability and skills of the labor force.
  • Power Consumption: Power consumption is a crucial indicator of an industry's size and the processes it utilizes. Energy-intensive industries often require large amounts of power, i

9. Which of the following are correctly mathced? [I.A.S (Pre) 1994]

ABC
Establishment of Manufacturing IndustryYearPlace
1. Setting up of the first cotton Mill1854Near Bombay
2. Manufacture of the first machine-made paper1870Near Calcutta
3. Setting up of the first cement factory1904Near Madras

Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

Correct Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Solution:The first cotton mill in India was established in 1818 at Fort Gloster near Kolkata but was a commercial failure. The second cotton mill in India was established by KGN Daber in 1854 and named Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company. The first mill for machine-made paper was established in Bally near Calcutta in 1870.

Although this Company went into liquidation in 1905, the possibilities of the paper industry were fully demonstrated, and the lead was followed by more hardy successors. The first cement factory was installed near Madras in 1904 by South India Industry Limited and then onwards a number of factories manufacturing cement were started.

10. Consider the following events and arrange these in chronological order: [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021]

I. Development of sugar industry by Indians

II. Starting of first jute mill in Rishra

III. Production of steel in India for the first time

IV. Starting of first textile mill in Bombay

Select the correct answer from the code given below:

Code:

Correct Answer: (a) I, II, IV and III
Solution:In the year 1903, there was an advent of modern sugar processing in India and set up the first sugar mill (United Province Sugar Company) at Pratappur (Deoria, Uttar Pradesh). In mid-1920s, the number of sugar mills sprang up in UP and Bihar. By 1930-31, there were 29 sugar factories producing 100000 MT of sugar.

The first jute mill was established by British entrepreneur George Acland and Bengali financier Babu Bysumber Sen in Rishra, near Serampore in Bengal (now in West Bengal) in 1855.

The first attempt to establish an iron and steel industry in India on modern lines was made in 1830, by Josiah Marshall Heath, a member of the Civil Service of the East India Company. After leaving the public service, he invested the whole of his fortune in a steel plant, which he erected at Porto Novo on the Madras coast.

The steel produced here was of good quality and was exported to England. Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company was the first cotton mill to be established in Bombay, India, on 7 July, 1854 at Tardeo by Cowaszee Nanabhoy Davar (1815-73) and his associates.

Hence, the correct chronological (descending) order is given in option (a).