Irrigation and Canals

Total Questions: 39

1. Which is the most well-developed and the oldest canal systems of the world in India? [R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2007]

(a) Gang Canal
(b) Sikri Canal
(c) Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojna
(d) Krishna-Godavari Canal System

Correct Answer: (a) Gang Canal

Solution:Gang Canal is one of the oldest irrigation systems in Rajasthan, completed in the year 1927. It was constructed by Maharaja Shri Gang Singh of Bikaner in 1927.The canal originates at Hussainiwala at Firozpur on River Sutlej. The foundation stone of the Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana was on 30 March, 1958 by the then Home Minister Govind Ballabh Pant. It has its source at Harike Dam in Punjab on the confluence of Satluj and Beas rivers.

2. Gang canal, which is among the oldest canals, was constructed by Maharaja Ganga Singh Ji in- [R.A.S./R.T.S (PRE) 2010]

(a) 1930
(b) 1927
(c) 1944
(d) 1932

Correct Answer: (b) 1927

3. Which of the following is/are the main objectives of Sharda Tributary Command Development Project? [U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2008, U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2002, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A.(Pre) 2001]

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1. To increase agriculture production

2. To change the format of land use by multiple crop cultivation.

3. Reforms of land management.

Code:

(a) Only 1
(b) Only 1 & 2
(c) Only 2 & 3
(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (d) All of the above

Solution:The Government of India initiated a centrally sponsored Command Area Development Programme (CADP) in December 1974 to improve irrigation potential utilization and optimize agricultural production from irrigated land through the integrated and coordinated approach of efficient water management. In tune with objectives of the programme, a number of components such as construction of field channels and field drain, enforcement of warabandi, land levellingand shaping, realignment of field boundaries/consolidation of holdings, introduction of suitable cropping patterns, strengthening of extension services etc. were included in the programme and three projects were launched: (1) Sharda tributary (2) Ramganga & (3) Gandak. Thus, all three statements mentioned in the question are true. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

4. Which one of the following statements is not true? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]

(a) Ghaggar's water is utilised in the Indira Gandhi Canal
(b) Narmada rises from Amarkantak regional
(c) Nizam Sagar is situated on the Manjra river
(d) Penganga is a tributary of the Godavari

Correct Answer: (a) Ghaggar's water is utilised in the Indira Gandhi Canal

Solution:The water of Ghaggar is not utilised in the Indira Gandhi Canal so statement (a) is wrong. Narmada river rises from Maikal range near Amarkantak in Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh. So statement (b) is correct The Nizam, Sagar Dam is located in Nizamabad district of Telangana. Nizam Sagar is constructed across the Manjra river, a tributary of the Godavari and flows between the villages Achampet and Banjapalle of the Nizamabad district in Telangana. Thus statement (c) is also correct. The principal tributaries of Godavari river are Manjra, Penganga, Wardha, Wainganga, Pranhita, Indravati, Maner and Sabri river.

5. The Lower Ganga Canal is taken out of the Ganga at [U.P.P.S.C.(GIC) 2010]

(a) Haridwar
(b) Narora
(c) Bareilly
(d) Kanpur

Correct Answer: (b) Narora

Solution:Lower Ganga Canal draws its water from the Ganga river at Narora (Bulandshahar). It was completed in 1878. It supplies water to districts like Meerut, Muzaffarnagar, Ghaziabad, Hapur, and Aligarh. The canal has several branches and distributaries. The Lower Ganga Canal supports ecosystems and biodiversity. The seepage water from the canals creates wetlands and recharges groundwater.

6. Which of the following canal systems irrigate areas of Bihar? [60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]

(a) Upper Ganga Canal
(b) Triveni Canal
(c) Sharda Canal
(d) Eastern Yamuna Canal
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Correct Answer: (b) Triveni Canal

Solution:Triveni Canal is made for irrigation in northwestern part of Bihar. This canal is related to Chandan irrigation project. The canal was built on the left bank of the Gandak River. A dam was built at Triveni Ghat on the Gandak River to supply water to the canal. The Triveni Canal is used to irrigate the Champaran, Purnia, Darbhanga, and Saran districts of Bihar. The canal has helped to make the area more productive, allowing for the cultivation of crops such as wheat, rice, barley, and sugarcane.

7. Hariyali is a new scheme for: [Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2003]

(a) Development of wasteland
(b) Second green revolution
(c) Forest of desert land
(d) Development of grassland

Correct Answer: (b) Second green revolution

Solution:'Hariyali' scheme was launched by the then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee on 27 January, 2003 under watershed management project. This project is being run through 2.32 lakh panchayats of the country. This project encourage people for afforestation.

8. 'Hariyali Yojana' is related to [U.P.P.C.S.(MAINS) 2013]

(a) Soil Management
(b) Air Management
(c) Crop Management
(d) Water Management

Correct Answer: (d) Water Management

9. What are the benefits of implementing the 'Integrated Watershed Development Programme? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

1. Prevention of soil run off

2. Linking the country's perennial rivers with seasonal rivers

3. Rainwater harvesting and recharge of groundwater level

4. Regeneration of natural vegetation

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 3 and 4 only

Solution:Till 1, April 2008, the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India implemented three watershed programmes namely, Integrated Wastelands Development Programme, Drought Prone Areas Programme and Desert Development Programme. Since 1" April, 2008 they have been brought under a comprehensive programme named Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) to be implemented under Common Guidelines on Watershed Development, 2008. The main objectives of the IWMP are to restore the ecological balance by harnessing, conserving and developing degraded natural resources such as soil, vegetative cover and water. The outcomes are the prevention of soil run-off, regeneration of natural vegetation, rain water harvesting and recharging of the groundwater level. This enables multi-cropping and the introduction of diverse agrobased activities, which help to provide sustainable livelihood to the people residing in the watershed area. Thus, statement 2 is not included in the benefits of implementing the 'Integrated Watershed Development Programme'.

10. Consider the following pairs: [I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]

	Programme/Project	Ministry
1.	Drought-Project Area Programme	Ministry of Agriculture
2.	Desert Development	Ministry of Environment and forest
3.	National Watershed Development Project for Rainshed Areas	Ministry of Rural Development

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None

Correct Answer: (d) None

Solution:Department of Land Resources implemented 3 watershed programmes viz. Integrated Wastelands Development Programme(IWDP), Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP) and Desert Development Programme (DDP). These were merged under a comprehensive programme named Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) in February, 2008 Department of Land Resources is a part of the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. National Watershed Development Project for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA) is an initiative programme of the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA).

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