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Issues on Environment, Biodiversity & Climate Change (Part-I)

📆 March 26, 2025

Total Questions: 50

11. India is a party to the Ramsar Convention and has declared many areas as Ramsar sites. Which of the following statements best describes as to how we should maintain these sites in the context of this convention? [2010]

Correct Answer: (d) Conserve all the sites through ecosystem approach and allow their simultaneous sustainable use.
Solution:Ramsar convention describes to conserve all the sites through ecosystem approach and allow their simultaneous sustainable use.

12. What are the possible limitations of India in mitigating the global warming at present and in the immediate future? [2010]

1. Appropriate alternate technologies are not sufficiently available.

2. India cannot invest huge funds in research and development.

3. Many developed countries have already set up their polluting industries in India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Solution:Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth's near-surface air and oceans by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, which result from human activity such as the burning of fossil fuel and deforestation. Climate change mitigation is action to decrease the potential effects of global warming. At a time rate of mitigation is less in India because appropriate technologies are limited and costly. Moreover India don't have huge funds required for research and development in that area.

13. Consider the following which can be found in the ambient atmosphere: [2010]

1. Soot

2. Sulphur hexafluoride

3. Water vapour Which of the above contribute to the warming up of the atmosphere?

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Solution:Soot, Sulphur Hexafluoride, and water vapour are present in the atmosphere and contribute to the warming up of the atmosphere.

The atmosphere is having a blanket of gases around the earth.

14. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international treaty drawn at : [2010]

Correct Answer: (b) UN 'Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, 1992
Solution:The United Nations framework convention on climate change is an international treaty drawn at UN conference on Environment and development, Rio de Janeiro, 1992.

15. Regarding "carbon credits", which one of the following statements is not correct? [2011-1]

Correct Answer: (d) Carbon credits are traded at a price fixed from time to time by the United Nations Environment Programme.
Solution:Under the Kyoto Protocol, the 'caps' or quotas for Greenhouse gases for the developed Annex 1 countries are known as Assigned Amounts and are listed in Annex B.

The quantity of the initial assigned amount is denominated in individual units, called Assigned amount units (AAUs), each of which represents an allowance to emit one metric tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent, and these are entered into the country's national registry.

16. Among the following states, which one has the most suitable climatic conditions for the cultivation of a large variety of orchids with minimum cost of production, and can develop an export oriented industry in this field? [2011-1]

Correct Answer: (b) Arunachal Pradesh
Solution:Around 800 species of orchids found in the Northeast region.

17. Human activities in the recent past have caused the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but a lot of it does not remain in the lower atmosphere because of : [2011-1]

1. its escape into the outer stratosphere.

2. the photosynthesis by phytoplankton in the oceans.

3. the trapping of air in the polar ice caps.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only
Solution:Since CO₂ is heavier than air, it sinks in ocean than moving up. Also, winter, it is observed that CO₂ is trapped in ice caps.

18. In the context of ecosystem productivity, marine upwelling zones are important as they increase the marine productivity by bringing the : [2011-1]

1. decomposer microorganisms to the surface.

2. nutrients to the surface.

3. bottom-dwelling organisms to the surface.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only
Solution:Upwelling brings nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-depleted surface water. This is to do with the phytoplankton's and nothing to do with the decomposer microorganisms.

19. The formation of ozone hole in the Antarctic region has been a cause of concern. What could be the reason for the formation of this hole? [2011-1]

Correct Answer: (b) Presence of prominent polar front and stratospheric clouds; and inflow of chlorofluorocarbons.
Solution:The nitric acid in polar stratospheric clouds reacts with CFCs to form chlorine, which catalyzes the photochemical destruction of ozone.

20. Two important rivers-one with its source in Jharkhand (and known by a different name in Odisha), and another, with its source in Odisha-merge at a place only a short distance from the coast of Bay of Bengal before flowing into the sea. This is an important site of wildlife and biodiversity and a protected area. Which one of the following could be this? [2011-1]

Correct Answer: (a) Bhitarkanika
Solution:The Bhitarkanika Mangroves are a mangrove wetland in India's Orissa state. The Bhitarkanika Mangroves cover an area of 650 km in the river delta of the Brahmani and Baitarani rivers.
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