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Issues on Environment, Biodiversity & Climate Change (Part-II)

📆 March 27, 2025

Total Questions: 50

21. Which of the following have coral reefs? [2014-1]

1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands

2. Gulf of Kachchh

3. Gulf of Mannar

4. Sunderbans

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
Solution:Coral reefs are diverse underwater ecosystems held together by calcium carbonate structures secreted by corals. Andaman and Nicobar, Gulf of Kachchh and Gulf of Mannar have coral reefs. However Sunderbans do not have coral reef.

22. In India, the problem of soil erosion is associated with which of the following? [2014-1]

1. Terrace cultivation

2. Deforestation

3. Tropical climate

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Correct Answer: (b) 2 only
Solution:In India, the problem of soil erosion is associated with deforestation. Terrace cultivation helps in less erosion of soil.

23. The most important strategy for the conservation of biodiversity together with traditional human life is the establishment of : [2014-1]

Correct Answer: (a) biosphere reserves
Solution:Biosphere reserves are established under UNESCO's Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme. Biosphere Reserves Combine Protected areas with zones where sustainable development is nurtured by native dwellers.

24. The scientific view is that the increase in global temperature should not exceed 2 °C above pre-industrial level. If the global temperature increases beyond 3 °C above the pre-industrial level, what can be its possible impact/impacts on the world? [2014-1]

1. Terrestrial biosphere tends toward a net carbon source.

2. Widespread coral mortality will occur.

3. All the global wetlands will permanently disappear.

4. Cultivation of cereals will not be possible anywhere in the world.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Correct Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only
Solution:Rise in temperature by 3°C to that of pre-industrial level will led as per choice 1 and 2.

At 3 degrees of warming, however, hundreds of millions of people would be displaced from their homes due to sea level rise. Already, governments are planning to relocate coastal cities at extraordinary expense. Without this kind of planned retreat, sea level rise will greatly exacerbate inequality.

25. Lichens, which are capable of initiating ecological succession even on a bare rock, are actually a symbiotic association of: [2014-1]

Correct Answer: (b) algae and fungi
Solution:In organisms called lichens, a chlorophy II-containing partner, which is an alga, and a fungus live together. fungus provides shelter, water and minerals to the alga and, in return, the alga provides food which it prepares by photosynthesis.

26. Which of the following are some important pollutants released by steel industry in India? [2014-1]

1. Oxides of sulphur

2. Oxides of nitrogen

3. Carbon monoxide

4. Carbon dioxide

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Solution:In steel furnace coke reacts with iron to release pollutants like Oxides of sulphur, Oxides of nitrogen, Carbon monoxide and Carbon dioxide.

27. Every year, a monthlong ecologically important campaign/festival is held during which certain communities/tribes plant saplings of fruit-bearing trees. Which of the following are such communities/tribes? [2014-1]

Correct Answer: (b) Gond and Korku
Solution:The festival starts with the green march celebrating the beginning of the rains and new sowing season during which planting of sapling of fruit bearing trees is done on mass scale.

28. In India, cluster bean (Guar) is traditionally used as a vegetable or animal feed, but recently the cultivation of this has assumed significance. Which one of the following statements is correct in this context? [2014-1]

Correct Answer: (b) The gum made from its seeds is used in the extraction of shale gas
Solution:The seeds of cluster bean is the source of shale gas. The gum made from its seeds is used in the extraction of shale gas. Generally the cluster bean is used as vegetable or animal feed.

29. Which one of the following National Parks has a climate that varies from tropical to subtropical, temperate and arctic? [2015-1]

Correct Answer: (d) Namdapha National Park
Solution:Namdapha National Park is located in Arunachal Pradesh. The climate of this area varies from tropical to subtropical, temperate and arctic. It is tropical and subtropical in southern regions and arctic type in northern part of the park.

30. 'Bio Carbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes' is managed by the: [2015-1]

Correct Answer: (d) World Bank
Solution:Housed within the Carbon Finance Unit of the World Bank, the Bio Carbon Fund is a public-private sector initiative mobilizing finance to help for development of projects that sequester or conserve carbon in forest and agro-ecosystems. It was created in 2004.
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