Jain Religion

Total Questions: 58

51. The sect which believed in abiding nature of destiny : [R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2013]

(a) Jainism
(b) Ajivakas
(c) Charvaka
(d) Buddhism

Correct Answer: (b) Ajivakas

Solution:Makkhali Gosala was a disciple of Mahavira in the early period, later fell out with Mahavira due to the difference of opinion with him and founded an independent creed "Ajivaka." The belief of the sect is known as 'Niyatiwad' according to which every matter in the world is being controlled and operated by destiny (fate).

52. "Souls are not only the property of animal and plant life, but also of rocks, running water and many other natural objects not looked on as living by other religious sects." [U.P.S.C. (Pre) 2023]

The above statement reflects one of the core beliefs of which one of the following religious sects of ancient India ?

(a) Buddhism
(b) Jainism
(c) shaivism
(d) Vaishnavism

Correct Answer: (b) Jainism

Solution:Under the Jain tradition, it is believed that there is an element inherent in all living beings, which is called soul. Jain acharya, Gurudev Chitrabhanu writes that "the universe is not for humanity alone; it is a field of evolution for all living beings." There are souls in non-mobile bodies, such as earth, water, fire, air and plants. According to Jainism, the soul resides in every particle of the world.

53. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below : [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]

(Acharya)	(Doctrine)
A. Lakulisa	1. Ajivaka
B. Nagarjuna	2. Sunyavada
C. Bhadrabahu	3. Pasupat
D. Gosala	4. Jain

Code :

	A	B	C	D
(a)	2	3	4	1
(b)	3	2	4	1
(c)	1	2	3	4
(d)	3	1	4	2

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:The correctly match list is as follows -

(Acharya)	(Doctrine)
A. Lakulisa	1. Pasupat
B. Nagarjuna	2. Sunyavada
C. Bhadrabahu	3. Jain
D. Gosala	4. Ajivaka

54. Who used the caves of Barabar as their shelter-house ? [40ᵗʰ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995]

(a) Ajivakas
(b) Tharus
(c) Jains
(d) Tantrikas

Correct Answer: (a) Ajivakas

Solution:The act of cutting the mountain caves and developing them as residence was fully developed during the period of Ashoka and his grandson Dasaratha. Residence were made for Ajivaka followers after cutting the hills of Barabar and Nagarjuni.

55. The famous pilgrimage of Buddhists as well as of Jains in Uttar Pradesh is at [U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010, R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2007]

(a) Sarnath
(b) Kaushambi
(c) Devipatan
(d) Kushinagar

Correct Answer: (b) Kaushambi

Solution:The present Kaushambi district, carved out of Prayagraj on 4ᵗʰ April 1997, is located 55 km away from the south-west of Prayagraj. Kaushambi has been mentioned several times in Vedic and Jain literature. According to Puranas, Nicakshu, the sixth in line from Parikshita, transferred his capital from Hastinapur to Kaushambi as Hastinapur was revaged by flood, invasion of locusts and upheavals in the Kuru family itself. According to Jain texts. Kushambi was named due to an excess of Kushamb trees in the town. It is the famous pilgrimage site of Jains and Buddhists. Mahatma Buddha preached many times in this city and made number of disciples here. There were many monasteries found here, but the most famous among them was Ghoshitram monastery, which was built by Shresthi Ghoshit.

56. Which one of the following statements is not correct ? [U.P.S.C. (Pre) 2002]

(a) The statue of Gomateshwara at Sravanabelagola represents the last Tirthankara of Jains
(b) India's largest Buddhist monastery is in Arunachal Pradesh
(c) The Khajuraho temples were built under Chandela Kings
(d) The Hoyseleswara temple is dedicated to Shiva

Correct Answer: (a) The statue of Gomateshwara at Sravanabelagola represents the last Tirthankara of Jains

Solution:Shravanabelagola is a city located in the state of Karnataka. The statue of Gommateshvara (Bahubali) at Shravanabelagola is one of the most important tirthas in Jainism. Bahubali is condidered to be the son of the first Tirthankara Rishabhnath. Hence, option (a) is wrong while the Tawang Monastery is the largest Monastery in India, located in the Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh. The Khajuraho group of monuments was built during the rule of the Rajput Chandela dynasty. Hoyseleswara Temple is dedicated to Hindu God Shiva.

57. Who built "Gommateshwara" statue at Sravanabelagola ? [U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2009, U.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]

(a) Chamundraya
(b) Krishan-I
(c) Kumarpala
(d) Tejpala.

Correct Answer: (a) Chamundraya

Solution:It was built by Chamundraya who was a minister in the kingdom of Ganga ruler Rachmalla-IV (Panchmalla), approximately in 981 A.D.

58. Mahamastakabhisheka, a great religious event, is associated with and done for who of the following ? [U.P.S.C. (Pre) 2009]

(a) Bahubali
(b) Buddha
(c) Mahavir
(d) Natraja

Correct Answer: (a) Bahubali

Solution:Mahamastakabhisheka, which is a great religious event, is associated with Lord Bahubali. This ceremony used to be held in the interval of twelve years tie in Sravanbelgoal town in Karnataka. There is a huge statue of God/Saint of Gomteshwar (Bahubali). Its height is 18 metres.

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