Light (Part -1)

When an image is formed by a mirror such that the left side of the object appears on the right and the right side appears on the left, this phenomenon is called lateral inversion.

• Lateral inversion occurs because a plane mirror reverses the image along the axis perpendicular to its surface, leading to the perception that left and right are swapped in the mirror image.
• This is why words like "AMBULANCE" are written in reverse on vehicles, so they appear correctly in a driver's rear-view mirror

1. virtual,
2. erect (upright),
3. laterally inverted (left-right reversed),
4. of the same size as the object,
5. and located at the same distance

behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.

This can be determined using the formula:

• n=(360∘/θ)−1
  

where θ=120∘

n=(1360∘/120∘)−1=3−1=2

So, 2 images are formed when two mirrors are inclined at 120° to each other

1. virtual,
2. erect (upright),
3. laterally inverted (left-right reversed),
4. of the same size as the object,
5. and located at the same distance

behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.

A periscope allows submarine crews to observe the surface while remaining submerged, using a system of mirrors or prisms to direct light from above the water down to the viewer inside the submarine.

• It is an optical instrument through which the observer can see the environment around him.
• Periscope works on the basis of the laws of reflection.
• Periscopes are used in submarines, warships, cruisers, artillery, etc.

• If an image of an object is formed on the screen by a lens or mirror, it is called a real image,
• whereas the image formed by a plane mirror cannot be obtained on the screen, so such an image is called a virtual image.

Optical fibers are used to transmit light and are predominantly used in fiber-optic communications because they facilitate transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidth levels.

• There is no loss of light energy in them.