Lokpal and Important Commissions (Part-II)

The Central Vigilance Commission was setup by the government in February 1964, on the recommendations of the committee on Prevention of Corruption, headed by K. Santhanam, to advise and guide central government agencies in the field of vigilance. Thus originally the Central Vigilance Commission was neither a statutory nor constitutional body. It was given statutory status by a law passed by Parliament in September, 2003. Whereas Article 280 is related to Finance Commission, Article 268 deals with Duties levied by the union but collected and appropriated by the States and Article 276 deals with taxes on professions, trades, callings and employment.

The Enforcement Directorate was established in 1956 and the Prevention of Corruption Act was enacted in 1988. Thus option (c) and (d) is not correctly matched.

The Mandal Commission was constituted in India in 1979 by the Janata Party Government under former Prime Minister Morarji Desai with a mandate to "identify the socially and educationally backward persons." It was headed by an Indian Parliamentarian, Bindheshwari Prasad Mandal.

In 1979, the Janta Party Government constituted the Mandal Commission presided over by Bindheshwari Prasad Mandal (B.P. Mandal). The Commission submitted its report in 1980.

In 1990, the National Commission on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes reported that the main causes of 'atrocities' were land disputes, alienation of tribal lands, bonded labour, indebtedness and non-payment of minimum wages. But religious causes are not the cause of atrocity on Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe.

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is the central recruiting agency in India. Articles 315 to 323 in Part XIV of the Constitution contain elaborate provisions regarding the composition, appointment and removal of members along, with the independence, powers and functions of the UPSC. Article 315 makes provision that there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State and there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States (Joint Commission) if two or more States agree that. Article 340 provides the appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes.

UPSC has nothing to do with State Public Service Commission.

Union Public Service commission is formed under Art. 315 of the Constitutions.

Article 323 of the Constitution of India provides that it shall be the duty of the Union Public Service Commission to give the report to the President about the Commission's work every year and the President shall cause a copy thereof together with a memorandum explaining, as respects the case if any, where the advice of the commission was not accepted, the reason for such non acceptance to be laid before each House of Parliament.

According to Article 315(2) of Indian constitution, two or more states may agree that there shall be one public service commission for that group of states and if a resolution to that effect is passed by houses or where there are two houses, by each house of the legislature of those states, parliament may be law provide for appointment of a joint state public service commission.