Maratha State and Confederacy

Total Questions: 42

1. Who among the following streamlined the Maratha administration after Shambhaji ? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]

(a) Rajaram
(b) Balaji Viswanath
(c) Ganga Bai
(d) Nanaji Deshmukh

Correct Answer: (b) Balaji Viswanath

Solution:After Sambhaji, the power of the Maratha Kingdom came in the hands of Balaji Vishwanath who made the administration easy and convenient. November 1713 A.D. was important not only for Balaji but also for whole Marathas as the power was transferred from Chhatrapati to the Peshwas. His main achievement was a temporary agreement between the Mughals and the Marathas by which the authority and region were properly described.

2. Arrange the following in the chronological order of their rule : [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]

(1) Bajirao

(2) Balaji Bajirao

(3) Balaji Vishwanath

(4) Madhavrao

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Code :

(a) 4, 3, 1, 2
(b) 1, 2, 3, 4
(c) 3, 1, 2, 4
(d) 2, 1, 4, 3

Correct Answer: (c) 3, 1, 2, 4

Solution:Balaji Vishwanath reigned from 1713 A.D. to 1720 A.D.. Shahu appointed the elder son of Balaji Vishwanath Bajirao-1 as Peshwa whose tenure was from 1720 to 1740 A.D., Balaji Bajirao reigned from 1740 to 1761 A.D. after the death of Bajirao. Madhavrao's tenure was from 1761 to 1772 A.D..

3. Consider the reign of following Peshwas and arrange them in chronological order - [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

I. Balaji Vishwanath

II. Bajirao-I

III. Narayan Rao

IV. Madhav Rao-I

Select the correct answer using the code given, below -

Code -

(a) I, II, IV, III
(b) II, I, IV, III
(c) I, II, III, IV
(d) I, III, II, IV

Correct Answer: (a) I, II, IV, III

Solution:

Name	Period
Balaji Vishwanth	1713-1720
Bajirao I	1720-1740
Madhav Rao I	1761-1772
Narayan Rao	1772-1773

Hence option (a) is correct answer.

4. Arrange the following in the correct chronological order : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]

1. Chhatrapati Shahuji

2. Rajaram

3. Sambhaji

4. Shivaji-II

Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

Code :

	A	B	C	D
(a)	3	2	1	4
(b)	3	2	4	1
(c)	2	3	1	4
(d)	1	2	3	4

Correct Answer: (b)

Solution:The correct chronological order is as follows-

Sambhaji (1680-1689 A.D.) (Elder son of Shivaji)

Rajaram-(1689-1700 A.D.) (Second son of Shivaji)

Shivaji-11-(1700-1708 A.D.) (Son of Raja Ram)

Chhatrapati Shahuji - (1708-1749 A.D.) (Son of Sambhaji)

5. Assertion (A) : By 1750 the Maratha kingdom had become a Confederacy presided over by the Peshwa. [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]

Reason (R) : The successors of Shahu depended on the will of the Peshwa.

Code :

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Solution:Shahu appointed Balaji Bajirao as Peshwa after the death of Bajirao in 1740 A.D.. Now the designation of Peshwa became patrimonial. By the Sangola agreement of 1750 A.D., the Maratha king became a "do nothing king" and the Mayor of the Palace, and the Peshwa emerged as the real and effective head of Maratha Confederacy.

6. The Maratha King became a non-entity and the Peshwa, the virtual ruler from the time of - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

(a) Balaji Vishwanath
(b) Bajirao-I
(c) Balaji Bajirao
(d) Madhavrao-I

Correct Answer: (c) Balaji Bajirao

7. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other as Reason (R). [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2016]

Assertion (A): Marathas emerged as the strongest native power in India after the decline of Mughal Empire.

Reason (R): Marathas were the first rulers who had a clear concept of United Indian Nation.

Choose the correct answer from the code given below.

Code :

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct expla nation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

Correct Answer: (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.

Solution:After the decline of Mughals, Marathas were the most capable native power who could have taken the place of Mughals. Rise of Maratha power was based on people of Maharashtra and they were united as a nation on the basis of Maratha identity. However Maratha's failed to develop a concept of unified India which is a major criticism against them. Hence statement (A) is correct but (R) is false.

8. At the time of Aurangzeb's death, the Maratha leadership was in the hands of ? [U.P. R.O./A.R.O (Mains) 2013, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

(a) Sambhaji
(b) Rajaram
(c) Jijabai
(d) Tarabai

Correct Answer: (d) Tarabai

Solution:Rajaram led Marathas as a representative of Shahu from 1689 to 1700.A.D.. After the death of Rajaram, his widow Tarabai struggled with the Mughals on behalf of his son Shivaji-II. At the time of Aurangzeb's death, the Maratha leadership was in the hands of Tarabai.

9. Who among the following Maratha women led struggles against the Mughal Empire from 1700 A.D. onwards ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]

(a) Ahilya Bai
(b) Mukta Bai
(c) Tara Bai
(d) Rukmini Bai

Correct Answer: (c) Tara Bai

Solution:After the death of Rajaram, his minor son Shivaji-II became king and widow Tarabai became his regent. Tarabai was brave lady. She led the struggle with Mughals and took the fort of Singhgarh, Raigarh and Satara from Mughals.

10. Saranzami system was related to - [39ᵗʰ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]

(a) Land revenue system of Maratha
(b) Taluqdari system
(c) Qutb Shahi administration
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (a) Land revenue system of Maratha

Solution:Saranzami system was related to land revenue in the Maratha period. The land given under Saranzami system was provided for the livelihood of Maratha Jagirdar during the Maratha period.

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Maratha State and Confederacy

1. Who among the following streamlined the Maratha administration after Shambhaji ? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]

2. Arrange the following in the chronological order of their rule : [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]

3. Consider the reign of following Peshwas and arrange them in chronological order - [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

4. Arrange the following in the correct chronological order : [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]

5. Assertion (A) : By 1750 the Maratha kingdom had become a Confederacy presided over by the Peshwa. [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]

6. The Maratha King became a non-entity and the Peshwa, the virtual ruler from the time of - [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

7. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other as Reason (R). [U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2016]

8. At the time of Aurangzeb's death, the Maratha leadership was in the hands of ? [U.P. R.O./A.R.O (Mains) 2013, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]

9. Who among the following Maratha women led struggles against the Mughal Empire from 1700 A.D. onwards ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]

10. Saranzami system was related to - [39ᵗʰ B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]

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