Maratha State and Confederacy

Total Questions: 42

11. The Maratha claim of revenue for protection is known by what name ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]

Correct Answer: (b) Chauth
Solution:Chauth was the revenue for protection claimed by Marathas. It was collected from the provinces which were known as Mughalai.

Chauth and Sardeshmukhi functioned in the Mughal provinces of the Deccan, establishing a dual land revenue administration, and were levied by the Maratha Empire in the early 18th century.

Chauth was an annual tax amounting to one- fourth of the total revenue while Sardeshmukhi, collected by Shivaji at a rate of one- tenth of the total revenue, was a levy assessed in addition to the Chauth.

Together, these taxes provided the Marathas with a reliable and substantial source of income. This financial support enabled them to expand their influence beyond Shivaji's realm, strengthening their position in the region.

12. A historian witness to the third battle of Panipat. Who was he ? [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]

Correct Answer: (b) Kashiraj Pandit
Solution:The third battle of Panipat was fought between Maratha Sadashivrao Bhau and Afghan invader Ahmad Shah Abdali on 14 January, 1761. Marathas were badly defeated by Afghans in this battle.

According to Kashiraj Pandit, a historian who was an eyewitness of this battle "two pearls have been dissolved, 22 gold coins have been lost and of the silver and copper the total cannot be cast up"-That was the message which was sent to Balaji Bajirao in encrypted form by a merchant after this vigourous defeat of Maratha. Kashiraj Pandit narrates "The Third Battle of Panipat became boisterous for Marathas".

13. What was the immediate reason for Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and fight the Third Battle of Panipat ? [I.A.S. (Pre) 2010]

Correct Answer: (a) He wanted to avenge the expulsion of his Viceroy Timur Shah from Lahore by Marathas
Solution:The immediate reason for the third battle of Panipat was the Ahmad Shah Abdali's desire to avenge Marathas as they expelled his viceroy Timur Shah from Lahore.

14. In the Third Battle of Panipat, Marathas were defeated by - [U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2012, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2009, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1994, 1993]

Correct Answer: (a) Afghans
Solution:The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali on 14 January, 1761. Marathas were led by Sadashivrao Bhau. Marathas were defeated badly in this battle. In the words of the eyewitness historian Kashiraj Pandit "Third Battle of Panipat proved boisterous for Marathas".

15. When was the 3rd Battle of Panipat fought ? [M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]

Correct Answer: (c) 14 January, 1761
Solution:The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali on 14 January, 1761. Marathas were led by Sadashivrao Bhau. Marathas were defeated badly in this battle. In the words of the eyewitness historian Kashiraj Pandit "Third Battle of Panipat proved boisterous for Marathas".

16. The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between : [U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2004, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002, M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]

Correct Answer: (c) Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali
Solution:The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali on 14 January, 1761. Marathas were led by Sadashivrao Bhau. Marathas were defeated badly in this battle. In the words of the eyewitness historian Kashiraj Pandit "Third Battle of Panipat proved boisterous for Marathas".

17. The Third Battle of Panipat was fought in the year - [Uttrakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2007]

Correct Answer: (b) 1761 A.D
Solution:The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali on 14 January, 1761. Marathas were led by Sadashivrao Bhau. Marathas were defeated badly in this battle. In the words of the eyewitness historian Kashiraj Pandit "Third Battle of Panipat proved boisterous for Marathas".

18. The Third Battle of Panipat took place on [Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2023]

Correct Answer: (c) 1761
Solution:The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali on 14 January, 1761. Marathas were led by Sadashivrao Bhau. Marathas were defeated badly in this battle. In the words of the eyewitness historian Kashiraj Pandit "Third Battle of Panipat proved boisterous for Marathas".

19. Who of the following Rohilla Chiefs was the confidant of Ahmad Shah Abdali ? [U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]

Correct Answer: (b) Najib Khan
Solution:Ahmad Shah Abdali entered Delhi in January 1757 and looted Delhi, Mathura, and Agra. Before returning to his motherland, he appointed Alamgir-Il as the Emperor, Imadulmulk as Prime Minister and Rohilla leader, Najib-ud-Daula (Najb Khan) as his chief agent and Mir Bakshi of the empire.

20. The Modi script was employed in the documents of the : [I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]

Correct Answer: (d) Marathas
Solution:The 'Modi script' was employed in the documents of Marathas, especially in keeping the revenue and administrative record.

Inscribed on the ramparts of the Raigad Fort, the Modi script is a testament to the regal time. As the empire evolved under different rulers, so did the script.