Mental Ability, Analytical and Logical Reasoning (UPSC) Part-I

Total Questions: 50

11. Examine the following statements: [1996, 2014-II]

1 George attends Music classes on Monday

2. He attends Mathematics classes on Wednesday

3. His Literature classes are not on Friday

4. He attends History classes on the day following the day of his Mathematics classes

5. On Tuesday he attends his Sports classes.

If he attends just one subject in a day and his Sunday is free, then he is also free on

(a) Monday
(b) Thursday
(c) Saturday
(d) Friday

Correct Answer: (d) Friday

Solution:

Day	Activity
Monday	Music
Tuesday	Sports
Wednesday	Maths
Thursday	History
Friday	?
Saturday	Literature

Friday cannot have literature classes, so it must be on Saturday as Sunday is free. Only remaining day to be free is Friday, so Friday is free.

12. In an accurate clock, in a period of 2 hours 20 minutes (140 minutes), the minute hand will move over [1996]

(a) 520°
(b) 320°
(c) 840°
(d) 140°

Correct Answer: (c) 840°

Solution:The minute hand move over in 60 minutes = 360°
So, angle made by minute hand in a minute 360°/60 = 6°

So, in a period of 2 hours 20 minutes the minute hand will move over 6 × 140° = 840°

13. Two important characteristics of a hypothesis are that it should be testable and that it should be stated in a manner that it can be refuted. Which one of the following hypothesis fulfills these characteristics? [1996]

(a) Intelligent persons have good memory
(b) Some birds are animals
(c) Some businessman are dishonest
(d) All men are mortal

Correct Answer: (a) Intelligent persons have good memory

Solution:According to both the characteristics of the hypothesis, (a) only satisfies the criteria because in case of being testable, intelligent person can be tested positively and in case of refutation also it can be shown that all the persons, having sound memory are not intelligent. While hypothesis (d) neither is testable nor is refutable due to its universal truthness, the hypothesis (b) can not be refuted because no bird can be claimed non-animal. In case of hypothesis (c), it is testable but not refutable.

14. In the series POQ, SRT, VUW, refers to the blank space [1997]

(a) XYZ
(b) XZY
(c) YXZ
(d) YZY

Correct Answer: (c) YXZ

Solution:

In each group of letters, first letter in the alphabetical order is shifted to its middle position, then next letter to its left and final letter to the extreme right.

15. Examine the following statements regarding a set of balls [1997]

1. All balls are black

2. All balls are white

3. Only some balls are black

4. No balls are black

Assuming that the balls can only be black or white, which two of the statements given above can both be true, but cannot both be false? Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

(a) 1 and 4
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 2 and 4

Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 4

Solution:According to the given statements, only statement 1 and 4 can both be true because there may be a situation, when all the balls are black (1) or it may be, no balls are black (4). Thus both can be true but both of them can not be false.

16. Consider the figures given below: [1997]

In the given sequence of figures, the figure that would logically appear at 5 is

Correct Answer: (a)

Solution:Dark small circles shifts in anticlockwise direction by two triangles.

17. Solve it. [1998]

In the above set of figures (I) to (IV), some parts are shown to change their position in a regular direction. Following the same sequence, which one of the following will appear at the fifth stage?

Correct Answer: (c)

Solution:In each alternative figure, one extra side of square extended in anticlockwise direction comes out and in remaining figure, one inside circle comes out.

18. Examine the following statements: [1998]

1. All members of Mohan's family are honest

2. Some members of Mohan's family are not employed

3. Some employed persons are not honest

4. Some honest persons are not employed

Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the above statements?

(a) All members of Mohan's family are employed
(b) The employed members of Mohan's family are honest
(c) The honest members of Mohan's family are not employed
(d) The employed member of Mohan's family are not honest

Correct Answer: (b) The employed members of Mohan's family are honest

Solution:F-Mohan's family members
E- Employed members
H- Honest members
Here, shaded area denotes the employed members of Mohan's family members, who are honest.

19. In a dinner party both fish and meat were served. Some took only fish and some only meat. There were some vegetarians who did not accept either. The rest accepted both fish and meat [1998]

Which one of the following logic diagrams correctly reflects the above situation?

Correct Answer: (a)

Solution:The given relation can be shown below :

20. B, C, D, E, F and G are members of a family consisting of 4 adults and 3 children, two of whom, F and G are girls. A and D are brothers and A is a doctor. E is an engineer married to one of the brothers and has two children. B is married to D and G is their child. Who is C ? [1998]

(a) G's brother
(b) F's father
(c) E's father
(d) A's son

Correct Answer: (d) A's son

Solution:'↔' brothers, '=' → couple, '' offspring, ''→ male, 'O' → female, 'X' unknown

Clearly, C and F are the remaining members to be adjusted in place of two x. since, there are 3 children out of which two are girls, i.e. G and F, so clearly the third children C is a boy. So C is the son of E and A.

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