Mental Ability, Analytical and Logical Reasoning (UPSC) Part-V

11. Who is the lawyer? [2016-II]

There are five persons in a group - P, Q, R, S and T. The group has one doctor, one lawyer and one artist. P and S are unmarried students. T is a man married to one of the group members. Q is the brother of P and is neither doctor nor artist. R is not doctor.

(a) P
(b) Q
(c) R
(d) S

Correct Answer: (b) Q

Solution:Q is the Lawyer

According to the given information, the arrangement of five persons in a group is as following:

Person	Doctor	Lawyer	Artist	Gender
P
Q		✓		Male
R			✓	Female
S
T	✓			Male

S is also unmarried.

12. Who of the following is definitely a man? [2016-II]

There are five persons in a group - P, Q, R, S and T. The group has one doctor, one lawyer and one artist. P and S are unmarried students. T is a man married to one of the group members. Q is the brother of P and is neither doctor nor artist. R is not doctor.

(a) P
(b) S
(c) Q
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (c) Q

Solution:Q is definitely a man.

According to the given information, the arrangement of five persons in a group is as following:

Person	Doctor	Lawyer	Artist	Gender
P
Q		✓		Male
R			✓	Female
S
T	✓			Male

S is also unmarried.

13. There is an order of 19000 quantity of a particular product from a customer. The firm produces 1000 quantity of that product per day out of which 5% are unfit for sale. In how many days will the order be completed? [2016-II]

(a) 18
(b) 19
(c) 20
(d) 22

Correct Answer: (c) 20

Solution:Quantity of product to be completed = 19000
Firm production per day = 1000 - 5% of 1000 = 950

Firm production in 19 days = 19000 -5% of 19000

= 19000 -5/100 ×19000 = 19000-950 = 18050
So, firm needs one extra day other than 19 days to complet the order.
∴ Firm will complete the order in 20 days.

14. Consider the following statements: [2016-II]

1. Either A and B are of the same age or A is older than B

2. Either C and D are of the same age or D is older than C

3. B is older than C

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?

(a) A is older than B
(b) B and D are of the same age
(c) D is older than C
(d) A is older than C

Correct Answer: (d) A is older than C

Solution:From statement 1, A ≥ B

From statement 2, C ≤ D

and from statement 3 B > C

By combining the above three statements, we get

A ≥ B > C < D

Here, A > B > C < D or A = B > C = D

A > C

So, A is older than C.

15. Which one of the following boxes contains the golf ball? [2016-II]

Six boxes A, B, C, D, E and F have been painted with six different colours viz., violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow and orange and arranged from left to right (not necessarily either kept or painted with the colours in the same order). Each box contains a ball of any one of the following six games: cricket, hockey, tennis, golf, football and volleyball (not necessarily in the same order). The golf ball is in violet box and is not in the box D. The box A which contains tennis ball is orange in colour and is at the extreme right. The hockey ball is neither in box D nor in box E. The box C having cricket ball is painted green. The hockey ball is neither in the box painted blue nor in the box painted yellow. The box C is fifth from right and next to box B. The box B contains volleyball. The box containing the hockey ball is between the boxes containing golf ball and volleyball.

(a) F
(b) E
(c) D
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer: (b) E

Solution:E boxes contains the golfball.

According to the given information, the arrangement of six boxes is as following:

Boxes	Games	Colours
A	Tennis	Orange
B	Volleyball	Yellow/Blue
C	Cricket	Green
D	Football	Yellow/Blue
E	Golfball	Violet
F	Hockey	Indigo

16. Which of the following statements is/are correct? [2016-II]

Six boxes A, B, C, D, E and F have been painted with six different colours viz., violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow and orange and arranged from left to right (not necessarily either kept or painted with the colours in the same order). Each box contains a ball of any one of the following six games: cricket, hockey, tennis, golf, football and volleyball (not necessarily in the same order). The golf ball is in violet box and is not in the box D. The box A which contains tennis ball is orange in colour and is at the extreme right. The hockey ball is neither in box D nor in box E. The box C having cricket ball is painted green. The hockey ball is neither in the box painted blue nor in the box painted yellow. The box C is fifth from right and next to box B. The box B contains volleyball. The box containing the hockey ball is between the boxes containing golf ball and volleyball.

(a) D is painted yellow
(b) F is painted indigo
(c) B is painted blue
(d) All of the above

Correct Answer: (b) F is painted indigo

Solution:F is painted indigo is the correct statement.

According to the given information, the arrangement of six boxes is as following:

Boxes	Games	Colours
A	Tennis	Orange
B	Volleyball	Yellow/Blue
C	Cricket	Green
D	Football	Yellow/Blue
E	Golfball	Violet
F	Hockey	Indigo

17. The football is in the box of which colour? [2016-II]

Six boxes A, B, C, D, E and F have been painted with six different colours viz., violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow and orange and arranged from left to right (not necessarily either kept or painted with the colours in the same order). Each box contains a ball of any one of the following six games: cricket, hockey, tennis, golf, football and volleyball (not necessarily in the same order). The golf ball is in violet box and is not in the box D. The box A which contains tennis ball is orange in colour and is at the extreme right. The hockey ball is neither in box D nor in box E. The box C having cricket ball is painted green. The hockey ball is neither in the box painted blue nor in the box painted yellow. The box C is fifth from right and next to box B. The box B contains volleyball. The box containing the hockey ball is between the boxes containing golf ball and volleyball.

(a) Yellow
(b) Indigo
(c) Cannot be determined as data are inadequate
(d) Blue

Correct Answer: (c) Cannot be determined as data are inadequate

Solution:We cannot determined that the football is in the box of which colour.

According to the given information, the arrangement of six boxes is as following:

Boxes	Games	Colours
A	Tennis	Orange
B	Volleyball	Yellow/Blue
C	Cricket	Green
D	Football	Yellow/Blue
E	Golfball	Violet
F	Hockey	Indigo

18. In a question paper there are five questions to be attempted and answer to each question has two choices - True (T) or False (F). It is given that no two candidates have given the answers to the five questions in an identical sequence. For this to happen the maximum number of candidates is: [2016-II]

(a) 10
(b) 18
(c) 26
(d) 32

Correct Answer: (d) 32

Solution:Since, there are 5 questions to be attempted and each questions has two choices- True or False.
Therefore, the maximum number of candidates so that none of them gives the answers to the five questions in an identical sequence is an arrangement of 2 different objects at 5 places.

Above figure shows that each question can be filled with 2 choices.
So, required numbered of candidates = 2 ×2×2×2×2=32

19. A ate grapes and pineapple; B ate grapes and oranges; C ate oranges, pineapple and apple; D ate grapes, apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C fell sick. In the light of the above facts, it can be said that the cause of sickness was: [2016-II]

(a) Apple
(b) Pineapple
(c) Grapes
(d) Oranges

Correct Answer: (d) Oranges

Solution:According to given information:

Here is the extracted table from the image:

Persons	Grapes	Pineapple	Oranges	Apple
A	✓	✓
B	✓		✓
C		✓	✓	✓
D	✓	✓		✓

B and C both ate Oranges, So, it can be said that the cause of sickness was eating of oranges.

20. Consider the following statements. [2016-II]

1. The rate of population growth is increasing in the country

2. The death rate is declining faster in the country compared to birth rate

3. The birth rate is declining faster in the country compared to death rate

4. Rural-urban migration is taking place regularly in the country

Which one of the following conclusions may be true in the light of the above facts?

(a) The rate of population growth is increasing due to rural-urban migration
(b) The rate of population growth is increasing due to decline in death rate only
(c) The rate of population growth is increasing due to increase in birth rate only
(d) The rate of population growth is increasing due to faster decline in death rate than in birth rate

Correct Answer: (d) The rate of population growth is increasing due to faster decline in death rate than in birth rate

Solution:The death rate is declining more faster than in birth rate. This is the prominent reason for increament in the rate of population growth.

Mental Ability, Analytical and Logical Reasoning (UPSC) Part-V

11. Who is the lawyer? [2016-II]

12. Who of the following is definitely a man? [2016-II]

13. There is an order of 19000 quantity of a particular product from a customer. The firm produces 1000 quantity of that product per day out of which 5% are unfit for sale. In how many days will the order be completed? [2016-II]

14. Consider the following statements: [2016-II]

15. Which one of the following boxes contains the golf ball? [2016-II]

16. Which of the following statements is/are correct? [2016-II]

17. The football is in the box of which colour? [2016-II]

19. A ate grapes and pineapple; B ate grapes and oranges; C ate oranges, pineapple and apple; D ate grapes, apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C fell sick. In the light of the above facts, it can be said that the cause of sickness was: [2016-II]

20. Consider the following statements. [2016-II]

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